朱轶慧 刘玉军 毕飞虎 蒋欢 赵本文 鲁林琴 陈名君

摘要 红叶石楠是我国园林绿化常用的彩叶树种。近来，安徽合肥市红叶石楠叶斑病发生严重，导致叶片枯萎脱落甚至植株死亡，严重影响其观赏价值。为科学防控红叶石楠叶斑病，对其病原菌种类和生物学特性进行了研究。本研究采用组织分离法获得红叶石楠叶斑病的病原菌，并通过显微形态观察结合系统发育树的方法，最终将其病原菌鉴定为小孢拟盘多毛孢Pestalotiopsis microspora。生物学特性测定结果表明：适宜菌丝生长的最佳碳源和最佳氮源分别为蔗糖和蛋白胨，最适生长温度和pH分别为25℃和6。研究结果为该病害的正确诊断提供了较为可靠的科学依据。

关键词 红叶石楠; 叶斑病; 小孢拟盘多毛孢; 分子鉴定; 生物学特性

中图分类号： S 436.85

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.

2020280

Identification and biological characteristics of the pathogen causing leaf spot disease on Photinia×fraseri

ZHU Yihui1， LIU Yujun2， BI Feihu1， JIANG Huan1， ZHAO Benwen1， LU Linqin1， CHEN Mingjun1*

（1. Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Control， Anhui Agricultural University， Hefei 230036， China;

2. Anhui Academy of Science and Technology， Hefei 230031， China）

Abstract

Photinia×fraseri has commonly been used as color leaf landscaping tree in China. Recently， the leaf spot disease of Photinia×fraseri has seriously occurred in Hefei， Anhui， and causes the leaf to wither and fall off or the plant to die， which greatly lost its ornamental value. In order to effectively control the disease， the identification and biological characteristics of the pathogen were investigated. The pathogen was obtained by tissue isolation from the infected Photinia×fraseri leaves， and was identified as Pestalotiopsis microspora according to microscopically morphological observation and phylogenetic tree. The results showed that the optimal carbon source and nitrogen source were glucose and peptone， respectively. The optimal growth temperature and pH value were 25℃ and 6.0， respectively. The results will provide a scientific basis for the correct diagnosis of the leaf spot disease on Photinia×fraseri.

Key words

Photinia×fraseri; leaf spot disease; Pestalotiopsis microspora; molecular identification; biological characteristics

红叶石楠Photinia×fraseri Dress属蔷薇科、石楠属的杂交树种，为灌木或常绿小乔木，因其鲜红的嫩叶、新梢而得名[1]，亦有“红叶绿篱之王”和“红衣卫士”等美誉[2]。‘红罗宾和‘红唇是红叶石楠中常见的两个品种，前者因为更加鲜艳亮丽的叶子，更具有观赏性。红叶石楠凭借其强大的生命力，在温暖潮湿和低温干燥的环境下都可以良好生长，色彩持久鲜艳。因此，在城市园林建设中应用越来越广泛[3]，也常被用于道路边坡固土建设[4]。近年来，红叶石楠引起研究者們极大兴趣，但主要集中在红叶石楠栽培技术[5]、生理特征[6]和干旱胁迫[7]等方面。随着红叶石楠种植范围和规模的扩大，病害发生情况也日趋严重[8]。……