不同鲜食玉米品种间作大豆示范试验
2021-10-12廖明山曾林戈芹英宋云飞
廖明山 曾林 戈芹英 宋云飞
摘要 [目的]为满足城乡居民膳食营养的需求搭配。[方法] 2020年在隆阳区农业技术推广所金鸡东方基地开展不同鲜食玉米品种间作大豆示范试验,对玉米和大豆的产量、主要经济性状、生育期、抗逆性等多项指标进行综合分析。[结果] 鲜食玉米间作大豆产量和效益明显高于纯种鲜食玉米,玉米行距1.5 m,行间间作大豆、大豆穴距0.5 m、每穴留2苗的種植模式产量、效益最高。[结论]该示范试验结果可以在云南省保山市及气候类似地区推广应用。
关键词 玉米间作大豆;经济性状; 抗逆性; 云南保山
中图分类号 S 344.2 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)19-0035-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.009
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Demonstration Test on Intercropping Soybean with Different Fresh Maize Varieties
LIAO Ming-shan, ZENG Lin, GE Qin-ying et al
( Baoshan City Longyang District Agricultural Technology Extension Institute of Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000)
Abstract [Objective] To meet the demand of dietary nutrition of urban and rural residents. [Method] Demonstration test on intercropping soybean with different fresh maize varieties was carried out in Jinjidongfang Base of Longyang District Agricultural Technology Extension of Yunnan Province in 2020. Comprehensive analysis of the yield, major economic characters, growth period and resistance of maize and soybean was carried out. [Result] The yield and benefits of intercropping soybean with fresh maize were significantly higher than those of pure maize planting. The planting pattern of maize line spacing 1.5 m, soybean hill spacing 0.5 m and 2 seedlings per hill had the maximum yield and benefit. [Conclusion] This demonstration test results could be promoted in Baoshan City and other areas with similar climate.
Key words Intercropping soybean with maize; Economic characters; Stress resistance; Baoshan City of Yunnan Province
基金项目 沪滇合作项目(〔2018〕43)。
作者简介 廖明山(1991—),男,云南保山人,助理农艺师,从事玉米育种与栽培研究。*通信作者,高级农艺师,从事玉米育种与栽培研究。
收稿日期 2021-02-19
玉米和大豆同属于大春作物,均在大春季节种植。2020年隆阳区玉米种植面积35 807 hm2,大豆种植面积1 346 hm2。我国大豆每年消费量高达1亿t以上,大豆产需缺口巨大,高度依赖进口。根据中国海关最新数据,2020年我国累计进口大豆10 033万t,首次超过1亿t,较2019年进口增加1182万t,刷新2017年进口9 553万t的 纪录[1-2]。发展玉米与大豆间作对保障国内玉米和大豆供应安全、解决大豆与玉米“争地”关系意义重大。国内已有许多研究报道了玉米间作大豆的品种筛选和栽培技术研究,如王淑彬等[3]筛选出适宜南方红壤旱地玉米大豆间作模式下玉米品种隆平206、联创799和登海……
