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一般将来时用法解析

2021-09-29杨庆春

初中生学习指导·提升版 2021年10期
关键词:徒步旅行陈述句原形

杨庆春

1. 一般将来时的构成:will/shall + 动词原形

Shall用于第一人称(I, We), will用于第二、第三人称。美国英语在陈述句中不论什么人称一律用will。此时句中常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如:next (week, month, year, day), tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tomorrow (morning, afternoon, evening), from now on, in a minute, at once, right away, in a few days, some day, soon, some time, this (evening, week, term, month, year), before long。

We/I will (shall)arrive tomorrow. 我们/我明天到。

The meeting won’t last long. 会开不了多久。

She will listen to the CD at home this weekend. 这个周末,她将要在家里听这个CD。

2. 一般将来时各种句型特点

3. 一般将来时的用法

1)表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。

It’ll soon be Christmas.  很快就到圣诞节了。

He will come back next Sunday.下星期天,他就回来了。

Will you play football with us this afternoon? 下午你与我们一起踢足球好吗?

2)表示粗浅的分析,预测将来要发生动作的可能性。

His brother will be a college student after he finishes middle school.

中学毕业后,他哥哥要上大学。

I think it will rain. 我认为天要下雨了。

3)表示带有意愿色彩的将来要发生的动作。

I’m sure that they will come here and help us.  我确信他们会来帮助我们的。

We will give you some Christmas presents on Christmas Day.

圣诞节,我们要赠送给你圣诞礼物的。

4)在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中,如果主句是表示将来发生的动作,那么从句要用一般现在时代替将来时。

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll set out on a walking tour.

如果明天不下雨,我们就动身徒步旅行。

I will renew the book the Monkey King-Quest for the Sutra until I finish reading it.

我要继借这本《齐天大圣孙悟空》直到我读完。

I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her.我一收到她的来信我就告诉你。

5)表示按客观规律发展的自然趋势。

He will be twenty-first years old next month. 到下个月他将满21岁了。

Tomorrow will be April Fools’ Day. 明天是愚人节。

6)Shall、will 在疑问句中并不是单纯表示将来的意义,也可以作情态动词。主要句型:

A)Shall I...(we)? / Will you ...? 表示委婉的、客气的请求、邀请、命令等感情意愿。

Will you go into the centre with me? 你和我一起去市里好吗?

Will you please turn off the television now? 现在你把电视关了好吗?

—Shall we watch the dolphin show tomorrow?

——我们明天观看海豚表演好吗?

—Good idea!

——好主意!

—Shall I open the window now?

——我现在把窗户打开行吗?

—Yes, please.

——行,打開吧!

B)Will you please +动词原形...?表达一种委婉的要求、命令或询问对方的某种意愿。

Will you please tell me where you live now?

请告诉我现在你住哪好吗?

小练习

Ⅰ . 用括号内所给动词的正确时态填空。

1. They__________(go)to visit the factory tomorrow.

2. We__________(be)more careful to do it next time.

3. There__________(be)a heavy rain to the south of Huai River.

4. I__________(tell)you all about it tomorrow.

5. Today is Saturday.  Tomorrow__________(be)Sunday.

6. Tomorrow there__________(be)a wonderful match in the sport field of our school.

Li Ping and I__________(watch)it.

7. Robots__________(help)people do more work in the future.

8. Maybe people__________(live)to be 150 years old in the 100 years.

Ⅱ.根据汉语提示,完成下列各句,每空一词。

1. 春天树叶将变绿。

Leaves______________________________in spring.

2. 今晚有场电影。

There____________________________ this evening.

3. 如果明天下雨,我們就不去主题公园了。

We______________________________the theme park if it rains tomorrow.

4. 我们一会就使用网络收集一些有关它的信息。

____________________the Internet to collect some information about it in a short time.

5. 今天晚上她将要辅导她弟弟学数学。

She___________________________________________ his math this evening.

Keys: Ⅰ. 1. will go 2.will be 3. will be 4. will tell 5. will be

6. will be; will watch 7. will help 8. will live

Ⅱ. 1. will turn green 2. will be a film 3. won’t go to

4. We will use 5. will help her young brother with

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