王海东 袁佳欣

摘   要：探討一种基于BIM技术的震后次生火灾模拟技术，定量评估防火门损伤对室内火灾温度场分布的影响. 通过选取3条场地类型及地震设计分组一致的地震波对9层Benchmark钢结构模型进行非线性结构分析，并以层间位移角作为非结构构件门损伤的评估指标，结合FEMA P-58中门易损性曲线建立防火门损伤模型，进而基于BIM且利用得到的防火门损伤模型快速准确地建立建筑火源信息模型，导入Pyrosim模拟分析其对火灾温度分布的影响，并得到基于燃烧物与着火点位置关联下的真实温度场分布. 研究结果表明：防火门损伤数量的增加直接影响框架柱的温度，且数量越多框架柱温度越高;除位于着火点及未燃烧的防火分区外，位于其他防火分区的框架柱考虑门损伤的温度明显高于未考虑门损伤的情况，最大达483.98 ℃;且着火点位于不同层数时，各层达到温度边界值的框架柱数量存在差异.

关键词：震后火灾;建筑信息模型;易损性;建筑火源信息模型;温度场分布

中图分类号：TU391;TU243.2                  文献标志码：A

Fire Following Earthquake Simulation Analysis

Considering of Fire Door Fragility

WANG Haidong1，2，YUAN Jiaxin2

（1. Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency of Ministry of Education（Hunan University），Changsha 410082，China;

2. College of Civil Engineering，Hunan University，Changsha 410082，China）

Abstract：Post-earthquake fire simulation technology based on BIM was discussed to quantitatively evaluate the impact of fire door damage on the fire temperature distribution. Three seismic waves consistent with the site type and its seismic design group were selected to analyze the nonlinear structure of the 9-story Benchmark steel structure model，and the inter-story displacement angle  was used as the evaluation index of the non-structural component door damage，combined with the door vulnerability curve of FEMA P-58 to establish the door damage model. Then，using the fire door damage model obtained by BIM，the information model of the fire was quickly and accurately established. The Pyrosim was imported to simulate and analyze its impact on the fire temperature distribution，and the real temperature field distribution based on the correlation between the burning substance and the fire location was obtained. The results show that the increase in the number of door damages directly affects the temperature of the frame columns，and the larger the number，the higher the temperature of the frame columns; except for the fire and unburned fire compartments，the temperature of frame columns in other fire compartments with regard to door damage is significantly higher than that without considering door damage，with a maximum of 483.98 ℃. When the fire is located at different layers，the number of frame columns that reach the temperature boundary value of each layer is different.

Key words：post-earthquake fire;Building Information Modelling（BIM）;fragility;the information model of the fire;fire temperature distribution

地震过后往往易发生次生灾害，难以控制且损失巨大. 例如：1923年日本关东大地震、1999年台湾集集大地震、2008年汶川地震、2011年日本地震和2014年智利地震等，震后引发大火，火灾造成建筑物损坏甚至倒塌，因而震后火灾结构的性能已成为国内外学者研究的一个热点. Jelinek等[1]对钢框架在震后火灾下的反应与仅受火灾影响时结构的反应进行对比研究;Memari等[2]提出一种……