吴兵访

摘要：近年来，甘肃省陇南市康县加快发展以生猪养殖为主的畜牧养殖产业，生猪规模化养殖得到不同程度的发展。生猪养殖由于成本投入少、周期短、经济效益好等特点，深受当地养殖户的青睐。但是很多农民对生猪规范化养殖的知识掌握不足，养殖体系不规范，生猪生长期间容易受多种传染病的威胁，疫情快速传播带来了严重的经济损失。該文主要论述生猪养殖中常见疾病的类型和发病原因，提出相应的防治措施。

关键词：生猪;疾病;防治措施

中图分类号：S858.28文献标识码：Bdoi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.22.068

Prevention and Treatment of Common Pig Diseases in Rural Pig Farming

WU Bingfang

（Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Zhoujiaba Town，Kang County，Longnan Gansu 746501，China）

Abstract：In recent years，Kang County，Longnan City，Gansu Province to accelerate the development of pig breeding-based livestock breeding industry，government departments have introduced a number of policies to support the development of the local pig breeding industry，pig farming on a large scale has been developed to varying degrees. Pig farming is favored by local farmers due to the characteristics of low cost investment，simple farming，short cycle and good economic benefits. However，many farmers have insufficient knowledge of standardized pig farming，the farming system is not advanced enough，and pigs are easily threatened by various infectious diseases during growth，and the rapid spread of epidemics brings serious economic losses. Combining with practical work experience，the author firstly explored the types and causes of common diseases in pig breeding in the area，and then proposed corresponding prevention and control measures，hoping to be helpful to colleagues.

Keywords：Rural areas，live pigs，diseases，prevention and control measures

0引言

由于很多养殖人员养殖方法不正确，对猪病缺少科学的防治认知，生猪传染病很容易在一个地区快速传播蔓延，危及猪群猪的健康生长。

传统养殖模式下，养殖户往往只注重扩大养殖规模，未严格落实动物疫病防控机制，外来疫病传入风险大大增强，各种传染病在猪场中常常混合感染，呈现出新的流行特点，给疾病的诊断和防控带来很大难题。因此，饲养管理人员应结合生猪发病的原因和、种类，做到对症用药，优化养殖环节，采用科学有效的饲喂方式，加强环境清理和卫生消毒，将病原扼杀在萌芽阶段，防范疫情进一步传播蔓延。

1常见猪病类型

生猪饲养管理过程中，经常会出现各种各样的传染病，这些传染病通常是由寄生虫、细菌、病毒感染引发的。从流行病学调查可以看出，甘肃省陇南市康县生猪养殖常见的寄生虫类疾病主要包括球虫病、绦虫病、线虫病;常见的细菌性传染病主要包括副猪嗜血杆菌病、大肠杆菌病、沙门氏菌病和各种梭菌性传染病;常见的病毒性传染疾病包括流行性腹泻、轮状病毒病、传染性胃肠炎、猪圆环病毒病等。……