刘玉海

摘要：羊的巴贝斯虫病是世界范围内严重影响养羊业发展的重要寄生虫病，快速检测是有效防控该病的重要措施之一。本研究将以甘肃省分离的一株羊的巴贝斯虫为研究对象，在纯化的裂殖子中提取基因组DNA，根据18S rRNA基因序列设计特异性引物进行扩增，结果获得羊巴贝斯蟲的目的基因片段199 bp。同时以羊的吕氏泰勒虫、尤氏泰勒虫和干净羊的基因组作为对照进行扩增，结果均无交叉反应，表明该PCR方法有很好的特异性，可用于羊巴贝斯虫病临床和流行区感染的早期检测和诊断。

关键词：羊巴贝斯虫;PCR;检测方法

中图分类号：S858.26文献标识码：Bdoi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.22.001

Establishment of PCR Differential Diagnosis Method for Babesiosis in Sheep

LIU Yuhai

（Animal Husbandry Technical Service Center of Longxi County，Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Biyan Town，Longxi Gansu 748107，China）

Abstract：Babesiosis in sheep is an important parasitic disease that seriously affects the development of sheep farming worldwide. Rapid detection is one of the important measures to effectively prevent and control the disease. In this study，a sheep Babesia isolated from Gansu Province was taken as the research object，the genomic DNA was extracted from the purified merozoites，and specific primers were designed according to the 18S rRNA gene sequence for amplification. The target gene fragment is 199bp. At the same time，the genomes of T. lutii，T. eustii and clean sheep were used as controls for amplification，and the results showed no cross-reaction，indicating that the PCR method has good specificity. It can be used for early detection and diagnosis of babesiosis infection in clinical and endemic areas.

Keywords：sheep Babesia，PCR，detection method

0引言

巴贝斯虫病是由巴贝斯属的不同种病原寄生于哺乳动物红细胞内引起的以贫血、消瘦、黄疸为特征的一种血液寄生虫病。该病与泰勒虫病，无浆体病都是由生物媒介蜱传播而引起，故同称为蜱传病。截至目前，世界范围内已报道的羊巴贝斯虫病的病原种类有莫氏巴贝斯虫、羊巴贝斯虫、泰氏巴贝斯虫、粗糙巴贝斯虫和叶状巴贝斯虫等5个种[1]。

羊巴贝斯虫病是由顶复门、梨形虫纲、梨形虫目的巴贝斯科巴贝斯属的巴贝斯虫寄生于羊红细胞内引起的一类疾病。该病以高热、贫血、黄疸和血红蛋白尿为主要临床特征，感染严重时可引起羊只的死亡[2]。该病在我国分布广泛，危害严重，常常给疫区的养羊业造成巨大的经济损失。由于该病病原寄生部位的特殊性，临床很难根除。因此，建立及时有效的检测方法是预防和控制该病发生与流行的主要手段之一。……