付双彬 杨燕萍 应震 周庄

摘  要：以春兰根状茎为材料，研究培养基中不同MS盐含量、蔗糖浓度、甘露醇浓度及矮壮素（chlormequat chloride， CCC）浓度对根状茎缓慢生长保存的影响;研究不同浓度海藻酸钠（sodium alginate， SA）和氯化钙（calcium chloride， CC）对于根状茎包埋珠合格率和萌发率的影响，并以此为基础研究春兰根状茎的包埋保存。结果表明：根状茎在MS+10.0 g/L蔗糖+10.0 g/L甘露醇+7.5 g/L琼脂+1.0 g/L活性炭和MS+20.0 g/L蔗糖+7.5 g/L琼脂+1.0 g/L活性炭的培养基上保存，12个月后存活率达84.00%。利用3.5%（W/V）的SA，75.0 mmol/L CC制成的根状茎包埋珠合格率和萌发率达97.60%和92.00%。合格的包埋珠在4 ℃下保存180 d，萌发率和再生率最高，分别为68.00%和64.00%。本研究的结果可为春兰等国蘭的种质资源保存和种苗生产提供理论和技术指导。

关键词：春兰;根状茎;缓慢生长保存;包埋保存

Abstract： Rhizomes of Cymbidium goeringii were used as the materials， the effects of different MS salt content， and the concentration of sucrose， mannitol and chlormequat chloride added in the medium were studied. The effects of different concentration of sodium alginate and calcium chloride on the qualification rate and germination rate of encapsulated rhizomes were studied. The results showed that the survival rates of rhizomes stored on MS medium containing 10.0 g/L sucrose + 10.0 g/L mannitol + 7.5 g/L agar + 1.0 g/L activated charcoal and MS medium containing 20.0 g/L sucrose + 7.5 g/L agar + 1.0 g/L activated charcoal was 84.00% after 12 months. The qualification rate and germination rate of rhizome capsules produced by using 3.5% （W/V） sodium alginate， 75.00 mmol/L calcium chloride was 97.60% and 92.00%， respectively. The qualified capsules were stored at 4 ℃ for 180 d， the germination and conversion rate were the highest， 68.00% and 64.00%， respectively. The results could provide a theoretical and technical guidance for the conservation of germplasm resources and seedlings production of Cymbidium goeringii and other Chinese orchids.

Keywords： Cymbidium goeringii; rhizomes; slow growth storage; encapsulation storage

春兰（Cymbidium goeringii）为兰科（Orchidaceae）兰属（Cymbidium）地生兰，是国兰家族中的主要类群之一，由于其俊美的外形和幽雅的香气深得亚洲人民的喜爱[1]。近年来，由于兰花的商业价值不断升高，导致野生资源盗采盗挖不断猖獗，重要的资源不断流失;加之兰科植物资源庞大，实地保护存在困难等，寻找有效的离体保存方法便变得十分迫切[2]。然而，参考其他兰科植物的离体保存，春兰的离体保存面临2个问题：（1）与其他兰科植物如洋兰等相比，春兰原球茎较小，并在培养基中很快发育成特定的器官，称为根状茎，并会在此阶段保持数年[3]，这就使得国兰的离体保存不能单纯地参考应用现今大多数兰利用原球茎保存的方法;（2）对于种质资源的离体保存，超低温保存是目前最优的选择，但该方法开发有一定难度，距离广泛使用还存在一定差距[4]。……