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148例老年2型糖尿病患者血糖控制效果及影响因素研究

2021-09-13刘凌霞成景山莫芳梅周靖芳

右江医学 2021年7期
关键词:血糖因素糖尿病

刘凌霞 成景山 莫芳梅 周靖芳

【摘要】 目的 探討老年2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者血糖控制效果及影响因素。

方法 选择2017年1月至2019年12月间收治的老年T2DM患者148例作为研究对象,按照血糖水平是否达标分为血糖控制达标组与未达标组,对患者相关临床资料进行单因素、多因素logistic回归分析,探究患者血糖控制效果的影响因素。

结果 148例老年T2DM患者中,血糖达标(即FPG、PPG、HbA1c均达标)者为59例,占39.86%(59/148)。单因素分析结果显示血糖控制达标组与未达标组在年龄、教育水平、居住地、吸烟、体育锻炼、BMI、血压方面比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,高中及以上教育水平为血糖控制良好的保护因素(OR=1.315,95%CI:1.027~1.692),而居住地为农村(OR=0.418,95%CI:0.127~0.763)、吸烟(OR=0.341,95%CI:0.081~0.625)、不规律体育锻炼(OR=0.147,95%CI:0.052~0.339)为血糖控制良好的危险因素。

结论 教育水平、居住地、吸烟、体育锻炼对老年T2DM患者血糖控制有重要影响,应结合患者具体情况进行个体优化管理,以达到良好控制血糖的目的。

【关键词】 2型糖尿病;老年;血糖控制;影响因素

中图分类号:R587.1   文献标志码:A   DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-1383.2021.07.006

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effect of sugar blood control and influencing factors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM).

Methods 148 elderly patients with T2DM admitted to hospital  from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected for the study. According to blood glucose levels—whether reached the standard or not, they were divided into standard group and sub-standard group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were carried out on clinical data to investigate the influencing factors of sugar blood control.

Results Among the 148 elderly patients with T2DM, blood glucose levels (included FPG, PPG and HbA1c) in 59 cases were under control, accounting for 39.86% (59/148). Single-factor analysis showed that the differences of age, education level, place of residence, smoking, physical exercise, and BMI and blood pressure  between the two groups were  statistically significant (P < 0.05). Multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that the education level of senior high school and above was  protective factor for good blood glucose control (OR = 1.315, 95% CI: 1.027-1.692), while living in rural areas (OR = 0.418, 95% CI: 0.127-0.763), smoking (OR = 0.341, 95% CI: 0.081-0.625) and irregular physical exercise (OR = 0.147, 95% CI: 0.052-0.339) were risk factors for good blood glucose control.

Conclusion Education level, place of residence, smoking and physical exercise have important influence on blood glucose control of elderly patients with T2DM. Individual optimization management should be carried out according to the specific situation of patients, so as to achieve the purpose of good blood sugar control.

【Key words】 T2DM; the elderly; blood glucose control; influencing factors

2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)占全部糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)的90%以上[1],随着人们生活水平的提高和生活方式的改变,T2DM尤其是老年T2DM患者发病率不断升高,资料显示与1980年首次全国DM普查时相比,2018年老年T2DM发病率增长了18倍,成为DM的主流人群[2]。长时间高血糖状态容易引起心脑血管、肾脏、神经等器官组织的慢性并发症,严重时甚至致死,严重影响患者生活质量及生命健康,目前尚无法根治DM,因此有效控制血糖、防止慢性并发症是现阶段老年T2DM的主要治疗方法[3]。本研究通过调查和分析我院收治的老年T2DM患者血糖控制情况及相关影响因素,为老年T2DM患者的临床干预提供参考。

1 资料与方法

1.1 临床资料

选择2017年1月至2019年12月间我院收治的老年T2DM患者148例作为研究对象。……

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