螯合剂对青葙吸收富集土壤中镉、铅、锌和铜的影响
2021-09-13陈伟,廖洁,杨玉霞,蒋文艳,王海军,李晓妤,莫磊兴,王天顺
陈伟,廖洁,杨玉霞,蒋文艳,王海军,李晓妤,莫磊兴,王天顺



摘要:【目的】探究螯合剂[乙二胺二琥珀酸(EDDS)、氨三乙酸(NTA)和乙二醇二乙醚二胺四乙酸(EGTA)]对青葙镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)和铜(Cu)吸收累积的影响,为螯合剂和青葙在环境修复中的应用提供数据支撑。【方法】采用大棚内盆栽种植青葙试验方法,以不添加螯合剂作对照(CK),研究螯合剂EDDS(1.0、2.0和3.0 mmol/kg)、NTA(1.0、2.0和3.0 mmol/kg)和EGTA(1.0、2.0和3.0 mmol/kg)作用下青葙对土壤Cd、Pb、Zn和Cu的吸收与转运。【结果】与CK相比,1.0和2.0 mmol/kg EDDS、1.0~3.0 mmol/kg NTA、1.0和2.0 mmol/kg EGTA能顯著促进青葙生长(P<0.05,下同),其中1.0 mmol/kg EGTA促进效果最大,其干重较CK增加37.5%。1.0和2.0 mmol/kg EDDS、2.0和3.0 mmol/kg NTA、1.0和2.0 mmol/kg EGTA能显著促进青葙对Cd的吸收累积,且2.0 mmol/kg EGTA作用下,青葙中Cd的生物富集系数和转运系数提升最大,分别是CK的1.55和1.61倍;2.0和3.0 mmol/kg EDDS、1.0~3.0 mmol/kg NTA及1.0~3.0 mmol/kg EGTA均能显著促进青葙对Pb的吸收累积,且Pb在青葙中的生物富集系数和转运系数较CK均有明显提升,以3.0 mmol/kg EGTA处理的青葙地上部富集系数和转移系数最大,分别是CK的1.63和1.47倍;1.0和2.0 mmol/kg EDDS、2.0 mmol/kg EGTA能显著促进青葙对Zn的吸收累积,以1.0 mmol/kg EDDS处理的富集系数最大,是CK的1.18倍,2.0 mmol/kg NTA处理的转移系数最大,是CK的1.22倍;1.0~3.0 mmol/kg EDDS、1.0~3.0 mmol/kg NTA和1.0~3.0 mmol/kg EGTA均能显著促进青葙对Cu的吸收累积,以2.0 mmol/kg EDDS处理的青葙地上部富集系数最大,是CK的2.07倍,3.0 mmol/kg EGTA处理的青葙地上部转移系数最大,是CK的2.52倍。【结论】在本研究螯合剂施用剂量范围内,除3.0 mmol/kg EGTA减少青葙吸收累积Cd和3.0 mmol/kg EDDS、3.0 mmol/kg NTA、1.0 mmol/kg EGTA及3.0 mmol/kg EGTA减少青葙吸收累积Zn外,3种螯合剂的其余剂量均可促进青葙对Cd、Pb、Zn和Cu的吸收富集。因此,适当剂量的螯合剂作为诱导活化剂,可强化青葙吸收累积重金属Cd、Pb、Zn和Cu。
关键词: 螯合剂;青葙;重金属;土壤
中图分类号: S153 文献标志码: A 文章编号:2095-1191(2021)09-2447-10
Effects of chelators on the uptake and accumulation of cadmium,lead,zinc and copper in soil by Celosia argentea L.
CHEN Wei, LIAO Jie, YANG Yu-xia, JIANG Wen-yan, WANG Hai-jun, LI Xiao-yu,
MO Lei-xing, WANG Tian-shun*
(Research Institute of Agro-products Quality Safety and Testing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,
Nanning 530007, China)
Abstract:【Objective】The experimental objective was to investigate the effects of chelators[ethylene diamine disuccinate(EDDS), nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA) and glycol-bis-(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA)] on the uptake and accumulation of cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),zinc(Zn) and copper(Cu) with Celosia argentea L.,and to provide data support for the application of chelators and C. argentea L. in environmental repairation. 【Method】The application effects of EDDS (1.0,2.0 and 3.0 mmol/kg), NTA(1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mmol/kg) and EGTA(1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mmol/kg) were evaluated on the uptake and transportation of heavy metals(Cd,Pb,Zn and Cu) from soil with C. argentea L. by pot experiment in greenhouse,and without the addition of chelating agent as contrast(CK). 【Result】The results indicated that 1.0-2.0 mmol/kg EDDS,1.0-3.0 mmol/kg NTA,1.0-2.0 mmol/kg EGTA promoted significantly the growth of C. argentea L. (P<0.05,the same below) compared with CK,and among them,1.0 mmol/kg EGTA had the best effect,the dry weight increased by 37.5% than that of CK. 1.0-2.0 mmol/kg EDDS,2.0-3.0 mmol/kg NTA,1.0-2.0 mmol/kg EGTA significantly promoted the absorption and accumulation of Cd in C. argentea L.,and the highest bioconcentration factors and translocation factor were respectively 1.55 and 1.61 times as those of CK with applying 2.0 mmol/kg EGTA. 2.0-3.0 mmol/kg EDDS,1.0-3.0 mmol/kg NTA and 1.0-3.0 mmol/kg EGTA could significantly promote the absorption and accumulation of Pb in C. argentea L.,and the bioconcentration factors and translocation factor of Pb in C. argentea L. were improved compared with CK,and the highest bioconcentration factors and translocation factor were respectively 1.63 and 1.47 times as those of CK with applying 3.0 mmol/kg EGTA. 1.0 and 2.0 mmol/kg EDDS and 2.0 mmol/kg EGTA could significantly promote the absorption and accumulation of Zn in C. argentea L.,and the highest bioconcentration factor was as 1.18 times as that of CK when applying 1.0 mmol/kg EDDS. With applying 2.0 mmol/kg NTA,and the highest translocation factor was as 1.22 times as that of CK. With applying 1.0-3.0 mmol/kg EDDS,1.0-3.0 mmol/kg NTA and 1.0-3.0 mmol/kg EGTA could significantly promote the absorption and accumulation of Cu in C. argentea L.,and the highest bioconcentration factor was as 2.07 times as that of CK with applying 2.0 mmol/kg EDDS,and the highest translocation factor was as 2.52 times as that of CK with applying 3.0 mmol/kg EGTA. 【Conclusion】In this study,three chelators EDDS,NTAE and EGTA in a suitable dose can promote the absorption and accumulation of Cd,Pb,Zn and Cu in C. argentea L.(except 3.0 mmol/kg EGTA reduces the absorption and accumulation of Cd,and except 3.0 mmol/kg EDDS,3.0 mmol/kg NTA,1.0 mmol/kg EGTA and 3.0 mmol/kg EGTA reduces the absorption and accumulation of Zn). Therefore,the suitable dose of the three chelators as inductive activators can enhance absorption and accumulation of heavy metals Cd,Pb,Zn and Cu in C. argentea L.
Key words: chelator; Celosia argentea L.; heavy metals; soil
Foundation item: General Project of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2020GXNSFAA259051); Basic Scientific Research Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2021YT137); Science and Technology Pioneer Team Special Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke JZ202020)
0 引言
【研究意义】青葙作为一种繁殖迅速的一年生草本苋科植物,分布广泛遍及全国,喜长于石灰性土壤和肥沃砂壤土,常见于平原、山坡及旱田。其茎高30~100 cm,全体无毛;茎直立,有分枝,绿色或红色,具明显条纹,喜温暖耐热,抗病虫害强,生长适温25~30 ℃。青葙在广西生长周期长,地上部生物量大,重金属镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)和铜(Cu)在其地上部有一定的吸收累积能力(周雪玲等,2013),可利用青葙这一修复潜能对重金属污染土壤进行修复治理调控。由于植物启动自我保护机制,在吸收重金属后将大量重金属区隔固定在根部,从而限制重金属向地上部茎叶转运,一定程度上影响植物提取修复重金属污染土壤的效果。采取技术措施增强重金属在植物体内的吸收累积转运,是拓展和提高植物修复提取重金属应用的核心关键。可利用现有科学知识结合生物技术、农艺、化学螯合和施肥等技术手段来促进植物对重金属的吸收转运,近年来螯合诱导强化技术在植物提取修复领域中广泛应用(黄益宗等,2013;Demir and Koleli,2017),在修复治理调控土壤重金属污染过程中具有一定优势。……
