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多传感器融合低成本农机自动导航方法

2021-09-13俞娟卢伟曾梦洁赵思佳

中国测试 2021年12期

俞娟 卢伟 曾梦洁 赵思佳

摘要:针对现有大田农机高精度卫星导航成本高,且受气象环境影响较大的问题,该文提出了一种基于 D-S-CNN 的农田多传感器融合的自动导航方法,实现田间低成本、高精度定位导航。首先,将低成本卫星导航、惯性导航、视觉导航传感器的数据进行预处理,分别得到拖拉机的位置、姿态信息,然后通过 D-S 证据理论进行传感器失效检验,最后将三种传感器的位置、姿态信息以及 D-S 证据信任函数矩阵输入 CNN 神经网络进行信息融合实现田间高精度定位。实验表明,采用基于 D-S-CNN 的农田多信息融合导航方法,在离线测试中,无传感器失效情况下定位精度为4 cm,单个传感器失效情况下定位精度为10 cm,定位时间约17 ms;在实际测试中,无传感器失效情况下定位精度为6 cm,单个传感器失效情况下定位精度为13 cm,且该算法具有较好的鲁棒性和实用性。

关键词:智能拖拉机;导航;传感器信息融合;卷积神经网络

中图分类号: TP274.2文献标志码: A文章编号:1674–5124(2021)12–0106–08

Low-cost agricultural machinery intelligent navigation method based on multi-sensor information fusion

YU Juan1,LU Wei2,ZENG Mengjie2,ZHAO Sijia2

(1. Sanjiang University, Nanjing 210012, China;2. College of Artificial Intelligence, NanjingAgricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China)

Abstract: The existing agricultural machinery precise navigation method using GPS/BD costhighlyand also stronglyinfluencedbythecomplicatedfieldmicroclimate. Thispaperproposedafarmlandintelligent navigation method basedon multi-sensorand visualfusion usingD-S-CNN to realizelowcostand high precision positioning navigation infield. Firstly, satellite navigation, inertial navigation and visual navigation information were got after preprocessing. Then the sensors failure test was carried out and the D-S evidence trust matrix was calculated by using D-S evidence theory. Finally, the high precision position navigation was achieved by using sensors data of position, posture and D-S evidence trust matrix as input. The experiments results showed that the position accuracies were 4 cm and 10 cm in the cases of none and one failure sensor respectively. And the positioning time was 17 ms. The experimental position accuracies in actualworkcondition were 6 cm and 13 cm in the case of none and one failure sensor with good robustness.

0引言

随着农业自动化的进一步发展,导航技术在农机应用中更为广泛。目前导航定位技术包括绝对定位和相对定位两种。其中常用的绝对定位技术是卫星导航定位[1],主要为全球定位系统(globalpositionsystem, GPS)和北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou NavigationSatellite System, BDS)。GPS 和 BDS 能够提供定位物体的绝对位置信息,由于在复杂多变的农田中存在小气象环境和偏僻的地理位置,常因恶劣天气导致卫星信号弱、树木遮挡卫星信号等因素,造成卫星信号短时丢失甚至中断。……

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