史富增 杨增杰 赵德华

摘要：以某型特种车辆摇臂为研究对象，根据摇臂相邻部件系统配合关系确定分析边界，利用Pro/E建立摇臂三维模型，导入HyperWorks软件中添加约束和载荷，利用有限元分析得到摇臂应力、应变结果。分析发现摇臂与轮系配合部位有应力集中现象，如果直接生产制造会有安全风险。依据分析结果对摇臂进行结构优化，对改进后的模型再次进行分析，平衡肘最大应力从752MPa降至516MPa，与轮系配合部位应力降至432MPa，满足设计需求。利用软件分析工具指导产品设计，提前发现并解决应力集中问题，降低新产品研发风险。

Abstract： Taking a certain type of special vehicle rocker arm as the research object， the analysis boundary is determined according to the coordinated relationship between the adjacent components of the rocker arm， the 3D model of the rocker arm is established by Pro/E， and the constraints and loads are added to the HyperWorks software， and obtained by finite element analysis Rocker arm stress and strain results. Analysis found that there is a stress concentration phenomenon in the matching part of the rocker arm and the gear train， and there is a safety risk if it is directly manufactured. Based on the analysis results， the rocker arm was optimized in structure， and the improved model was analyzed again. The maximum stress of the balance elbow was reduced from 752Mpa to 516Mpa， and the stress at the part of the gear train was reduced to 432Mpa， meeting the design requirements. Use software analysis tools to guide product design， find and solve stress concentration problems in advance， and reduce the risk of new product development.

关键词：特种车辆;摇臂;应力;应变

Key words： special vehicle;rocker arm;stress;strain

中图分类号：U463.32                                   文献标识码：A                                  文章编号：1674-957X（2021）05-0051-03

0  引言

爬坡、越野、越障等能力是越野车辆的重要指标，恶劣多变的路况对整车设计提出更高的要求，悬挂的减振性能影响车辆的舒适性，关键结构件的稳定可靠影响车辆的安全性。本文结合某新型特种越野车辆研发项目，在设计过程中用Pro/E软件对摇臂结构进行三维建模，用HyperWorks软件开展有限元分析，利用分析结果提前发现摇臂结构薄弱区域并进行改进，降低新产品开发风险。

1  有限元模型建立

1.1 结构设计和三维建模

摇臂是行走轮系与车架连接的关键部件，其一端与车架铰接，另一端与行走轮系连接，实现行走轮系、车架、摇臂三者之间可以相对转动，避免轮系与车架直接连接，降低地面激励对车架、乘员等的影响，提高整车对不同路况地面的适应能力。……