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老年住院患者多重耐药菌感染分析及护理对策

2021-09-10潘雨君胡洁乐叶

健康护理 2021年5期

潘雨君 胡洁 乐叶

摘要:目的:了解多重耐药菌在老年病房的分布特征,探讨降低老年住院患者多重耐药菌发生率的护理干预措施 。方法:采用回顾性调查方法,分析2017年6月-2020年6月我院老年病房245例多重耐药菌感染患者的临床分布特征,制定预防和控制多重耐药菌感染的护理干预措施。结果:245例 MDRO的标本中痰培养标本为132例 (53.8% ),咽试子标为105例 (占 42.9% ),中段尿标本8例 (3.3%)。245例 MDRO标本中病原菌种类及构成比前三位依次为肺炎克雷伯菌(52.7%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(40.4%),鲍曼不动杆菌(26.9%)MRSA共检测出29例(11.8%)。结论:老年住院患者作为多重耐药菌易感人群,应落实相关护理干预措施,加强消毒隔离管理。

[Abstract] Objective: To understand the distribution characteristics of multidrug-resistant bacteria in geriatric wards, and to explore nursing interventions to reduce the incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in geriatric inpatients. METHODS: Retrospective investigation was conducted to analyze the clinical distribution characteristics of 245 patients with multi-drug resistant bacterial infection in geriat ward of our hospital from June 2017 to June 2020, and to develop nursing intervention measures for prevention and control of multi-drug resistant bacterial infection. Results: Of the 245 MDRO specimens, 132 (53.8%) were sputum culture specimens, 105 (42.9%) were pharynx specimen, and 8 (3.3%) were midstream urine specimens. Among the 245 MDRO specimens, Klebsiella pneumoniae (52.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (40.4%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (26.9%) MRSA were detected in 29 cases (11.8%). Conclusion: As a group susceptible to multi-drug resistant bacteria, elderly inpatients should carry out relevant nursing intervention measures and strengthen disinfection and isolation management.

关键词:老年住院患者;多重耐药菌感染;护理干预

多重耐药菌 (Multi Drug Resistant Organism,MDRO)是指对临床使用的3类或3类以上抗菌药物同时呈现耐药的细菌,其中包括产超广谱β-内酰胺酶 (Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases,ESBLs)的大肠埃希菌、耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌 、多重耐药肺炎克雷伯菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, MRSA)等[1]。 老年住院患者病情复杂多样,多伴有心脑血管、糖尿病等基础疾病,随着年龄增长、免疫力下降且伴有多种慢性疾病,加之住院时间长、抗菌药物联用等多种因素,使老年患者成为医院感染的易感人群[2,3]。为了解华东地区老年住院患者多重耐药菌感染分布特点,探讨相关针对性的护理干预策略制定,进而提高老年住院患者安全,本研究回顾性分析了 2017 年06月至 2020年06月期间我院老年病房住院多重耐药菌感染患者生物标本分布情况。……

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