肖成均

摘要：目的：分析小兒洗胃固定方法在临床中的应用。方法：对我院近一年收治的药物中毒患儿进行研究。随机分为三组并给予不同胃管固定方案。观察三组患儿临床指标及不良反应发生情况。结果：三组患儿在进液时间、出液时间上两两对比数据均无明显差异（P>0.05）;C组患儿洗胃时间、洗胃总时间以及留置时间均明显短于A组、B组（P<0.05）;A组与B组在洗胃时间上数据差异不明显（P>0.05），B组洗胃总时间低于A组，但留置时间要高于A组，组间数据对比均存在统计学差异（P<0.05）。A组与B组、B组与C组在胃管脱落、胃管咬闭以及胃管堵塞上数据差异不显著（P>0.05）;B组与C组在口腔内损伤数据差异不明显（P>0.05）;A组在口腔内损伤、误吸发生率上要高于B组、C组（P<0.05）;C组患儿仅发生1例口腔内损伤，并无误吸、胃管脱落、胃管咬闭以及胃管堵塞现象发生，不良总反应发生率低至1%，而A组、B组不良反应发生率分别为29%、17%，组间数据两两对比均存在统计学差异（P<0.05）。结论：在小儿洗胃过程中，应用气管导管固定器的临床效果显著，能有效地缩短洗胃时间及留置时间，提高洗胃工作效率，从而降低不良反应发生率，减轻患儿痛苦，使患儿生命质量得到更好保障。因此，气管导管固定器的临床应用价值巨大，值得推广。

关键词：小儿;洗胃;固定方法;应用

【Abstract】Objective： To analyze the clinical application of gastric lavage and fixation in children. Methods： A study was conducted on children with drug poisoning admitted to our hospital in the past year. They were randomly divided into three groups and given different gastric tube fixation schemes. Observe the clinical indicators and the occurrence of adverse reactions in the three groups of children.Results： There was no significant difference between the three groups of children in the time of entering and exiting fluid （P>0.05）; the gastric lavage time， total gastric lavage time and indwelling time of the children in group C were significantly shorter than those in group A ， Group B （P<0.05）; There is no significant difference in gastric lavage time between group A and group B （P>0.05）. The total gastric lavage time of group B is lower than that of group A， but the indwelling time is longer than that of group A. There are statistical differences between the data comparisons （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the data of gastric tube shedding， gastric tube occlusion， and gastric tube blockage between group A and group B， group B and C （P>0.05）; group B and group C had no significant difference in oral injury data （P >0.05）;The incidence of oral injury and aspiration in group A was higher than that in groups B and C （P<0.05）; only one case of intraoral injury occurred in children in group C， and there was no aspiration， gastric tube falling off， or gastric tube bite. As well as the occurrence of gastric tube blockage， the incidence of adverse reactions was as low as 1%， while the incidence of adverse reactions in group A and group B were 29% and 17%， respectively. There was a statistical difference between the two groups of data （P<0.05 ）.Conclusion： In the process of pediatric gastric lavage， the clinical effect of the application of the tracheal tube fixator is significant， which can effectively shorten the gastric lavage and indwelling time， improve the efficiency of gastric lavage， thereby reduce the incidence of adverse reactions， reduce the pain of the child， and make the patient suffer. The quality of life of children is better guaranteed. Therefore， the clinical application value of the tracheal tube fixator is huge and it is worthy of promotion.

[Keywords] children; gastric lavage; fixation method; application

【中图分类号】R4             【文献标识码】A             【文章编号】2107-2306（2021）05-056-02

药物中毒即指误服、服药过量以及药物滥用等导致中毒反应[1]。在临床治疗主要以去除病因、加速排泄、延缓吸收为原则[2]。其中洗胃治疗最为常见，当急诊接到中毒患儿急救消息后应询问患儿情况，患儿是否清醒有意识，中毒时间和中毒药物类型，准备好急救药物和设备，应第一时间进行现场急诊洗胃。……