孙兴平 张东 张瑞

摘 要：深埋煤矿采掘衔接紧张是制约矿井安全高效生产的主要问题之一，回采巷道的快速掘进将有利于缓解这一紧张局面。以顾桥煤矿1126（1）回风巷为例，利用弹塑性理论分析了1125（1）工作面侧向应力分布规律及分区破坏特征，阐明了1126（1）回风巷围岩应力环境;利用FLAC3D数值模拟研究了掘进期间锚索“1-0”、“2-0”、“3-0”、“4-0”等不同布置形式对巷道围岩变形及应力分布特征的影响，通过巷道围岩稳定性对比分析，降低巷道掘进期间支护强度，采用“2-0”锚索布置的初始支护控制掘进期巷道围岩变形，使掘进工作面后方永久支护与掘进平行作业，从而提高了掘进效率。

关键词：沿空掘巷;初始支护;快速掘进;平行作业

Abstract：The tight connection of deep mining is one of the main problems that restrict the safe and efficient production of the mine. The rapid excavation of the mining roadway will help to alleviate this tension. Taking the 1126 （1）track of Guqiao Coal Mine as an example， the lateral stress distribution law and zonal failure characteristics of 1125 （1）working face are analyzed by using the elastic-plastic theory， and the stress environment of 1126 （1）track is obtained. The deformation and stress characteristics of the surrounding rock of roadways with different arrangement of anchor cables such as 1-0， 2-0， 3-0 and 4-0 are studied by numerical simulation FLAC3D.By reducing the initial support strength during the tunnel excavation and adopting 2-0 anchor cable arrangement to control the deformation of the surrounding rock during the excavation，the permanent support behind the excavation face can be operated in parallel with the excavation，which will improve the excavation efficiency.

Key words：Gob-side entry driving; initial support; speedy drivage; simultaneous operation

随着矿井开采深度不断增加，采场围岩地质条件越发复杂，大断面、高地压、支护工艺、掘进工序多等因素都制约着巷道快速掘进的速度，进而影响着矿井的生产接续，造成矿井的采掘衔接关系紧张[1-4]。就巷道支护而言，掘进机完成一个循环进尺后，需要对巷道围岩进行加固，以确保巷道稳定性和施工安全，巷道围岩支护时间占巷道施工总时间的60%～70%以上[5]。如果掘进与巷道支护无法平行作业，就会极大制约巷道掘进效率。

国内外学者对如何实现巷道快速掘进展开了广泛研究，并取得了积极成效。文献[6]结合中深孔钻爆理论，选择能同时完成打眼和装矸工艺的机械设备提高了掘进速度;文献[7]通过选用连采机进行双巷快速掘进，满足了高效……