马梦娇 李亚靖 杨勇涛

摘    要：采用元分析方法探討大强度间歇运动（high intensity interval training， HIIT）和中等强度持续运动（moderate intensity continuous training， MICT）对情绪和享受感的影响，并分析影响两种不同运动诱发情绪和享受感差异的调节因素。方法：使用中英文关键词在Web of Science、EBSCO、Pubmed、中国知网、万方等数据库进行联合模糊检索，18篇英文和1篇中文对比HIIT和MICT情绪和享受感的全文文献纳入研究，累计419个样本。结果：1）情绪的合并效应量WMD为-0.79，95%CI为[-1.33， -0.25]，p=0.04;I2 = 79%，p=0.00，说明HIIT的情绪更消极。2）享受感的WMD为6.48，95%CI为[4.00，8.96]，p=0.00;I2=88.4%，p=0.00，说明HIIT的享受感更高。3）一次运动、全力冲刺、100%VO2max以上HIIT、身体肥胖、20～30岁等亚组的HIIT诱发的消极情绪反应更高。4）一次运动、长期运动、85% VO2max、正常身体指数、20～30岁、跑台和间歇模式=1：1等亚组的HIIT诱发更高水平的享受感。结论：MICT的积极情绪更高，HIIT的享受感更高，MICT和HIIT诱发情绪和享受感受调节因素影响。未来研究需进一步探讨HIIT和MICT改善情绪，提高享受感的原因和调节因素，探讨不同间歇模式HIIT提高情绪和享受感的差异及HIIT在不同人群中的干预效果。

关键词：大强度间歇运动;中等强度持续运动;情绪;享受感;元分析

中图分类号：G 804.82          学科代码：040302           文献标识码：A

Abstract：The meta-analysis was used to explore the influence of high intensity interval training （HIIT） and moderate intensity continuous training （MICT） on mood and enjoyment， and to further analyze the moderation factors that may influence the differences of mood and enjoyment induced by two different exercise modes. Chinese and English keywords were used for joint fuzzy search in Web of Science， EBSCO， Pubmed， CNKI and WanFang database， a total of 18 English and 1 Chinese essay including 419 samples compared the affective response and enjoyment between HIIT and MICT were included in this meta-analysis. Result： 1） The WMD of FS was -0.79， 95% CI [-1.33， -0.25]， p= 0.00， I2 = 79%， p= 0.00， which suggested that the mood induced by HIIT was significantly negative than that induced by MICT. 2） The WMD of PACES was 6.48，95%CI [4.00， 8.96]， p=0.00， I2= 88.4%， p=0.00， which suggested that enjoyment was high in HIIT than MICT. 3） Short-term exercise， SIT， HIIT above 100% VO2max， obesity， age from 20～30 were significant factors influencing mood， and the mood in SIT was negative than MICT. 4） Short-term exercise， long-term exercise， 85% VO2max， normal body index， age from 20～30， treadmill， stimulus-recovery ratio equals 1：1 can induce higher levels of enjoyment. Conclusions： The positive affect level of MICT is higher， but the enjoyment of HIIT is better. However， due to the high heterogeneity， the interpretation of the results needs to be cautious. Future research should further explore the moderating factors of HIIT and MICT to improve mood and enjoyment， explore the differences of positive affective response and enjoyment among different stimulus-recovery ratio of HIIT， and the effects of HIIT in different populations.

Keywords：high intensity interval training; moderate intensity continuous training; mood; enjoyment; meta-analysis

大强度间歇运动（high intensity interval training， HIIT）是目前全球最受欢迎的身体运动方式[1]。有研究认为，HIIT是一种能够替代中等强度持续运动（moderate intensity continuous training， MICT）的运动方式[2]，对健康和疾病人群都是安全有效的[3]。HIIT运动时间短，趣味性强，锻炼者更喜欢[4]，能够提高运动锻炼坚持性[5-7]，同时既能保证锻炼者的运动强度，又能使锻炼者获得良好的情绪[8]，因此，HIIT的心理效益成为近些年研究者关注的重点。另外，无氧阈是运动诱发情绪反应的主要影响因素[9]，不同强度运动诱发的情绪反应可能因为无氧阈差异而有所差别，因此，目前很多研究者关注不同强度运动尤其是HIIT和MICT在诱发情绪反应方面的差异。……