金龙飞 尹欣幸 曹红星

摘  要：生長调控因子（Growth regulating factor，GRF）是植物中重要的转录因子，参与植物生长、发育和逆境胁迫响应等多种生物学过程。本研究从油棕（Elaeis guineensis）基因组中鉴定出15个EgGRF基因家族成员，并对其理化性质、染色体定位、基因结构、保守功能域、进化关系、启动子顺式作用元件、组织表达模式和果肉不同时期表达模式进行分析。结果表明：EgGRF基因家族成员编码的肽链平均为409个氨基酸，分子量为27.62～65.51 kDa，等电点为6.24～9.38，蛋白不稳定指数为47.24～68.37，脂溶指数为47.52～67.69，总平均亲水性为–0.945～–0.400。EgGRF基因家族成员含有3～5个外显子，均含有特征结构域QLQ（Gln、Leu、Gln）和WRC（Trp、Arg、Cys），基于系统进化关系将EgGRF家族分为5个亚族，油棕EgGRF的亲缘性与拟南芥较近。启动子上鉴定出大量植物激素响应、逆境胁迫响应、光响应和分生组织特异表达顺式作用元件。不同组织的转录组数据分析结果表明，EgGRF基因家族在茎尖和花中表达量较高，8个EgGRF在果肉的不同时期特异表达。本研究为进一步探索EgGRF调控油棕生长发育过程的机制奠定基础。

关键词：EgGRF;油棕;生物信息学;基因表达

中图分类号：S565.9      文献标识码：A

Genome-wide Identification and Expression of EgGRF Gene Family in Oil Palm

JIN Longfei， YIN Xinxing， CAO Hongxing*

Coconut Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology， Wenchang， Hainan 571339， China

Abstract： Growth regulating factor （GRF） is an important transcriptional factor in plants which is involved in various biological processes， including regulating plant growth， development， and stress response. In this study， 15 EgGRF transcription factor family members were identified from the oil palm genome using bioinformatics methods， and the physicochemical properties， chromosomal location， gene structure， conserved functional domains， evolutionary relationships， promoter cis-acting elements， tissue expression patterns and mesocarp expression patterns at different stages were analyzed. The results showed that the EgGRF family members encoded an average of 409 aa in the peptide. The molecular weight was between 27.62 and 65.51 kDa， the isoelectric point was between 6.24 and 9.38， the instability index was between 47.24 and 68.37， the aliphatic index was between 47.52 and 67.69， and the gravy was between –0.945 and –0.400. Each EgGRF members contained 3-5 exons， and contained QLQ （Gln， Leu， Gln） and WRC （Trp， Arg， Cys） domain. EgGRF family was divided into 5 groups based on phylogenetic relationships， and was closely related to the Arabidopsis. Analysis of transcriptome data from different tissues showed that the EgGRF family was significantly high expressed in the shoot and flower. Eight EgGRFs were specifically expressed in different stages of mesocarp. The results would provide useful information and resource for the further investigation of EgGRF on oil palm growth and development.

Keywords： EgGRF; oil palm; bioinformatics; gene expression

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.07.002

转录因子是一类重要的调控基因，参与植物生长、发育、代谢、繁殖、分化、逆境響应等多种生物学过程[1-3]。目前在植物中已经发现了60多个转录因子家族，其中生长调控因子（Growth regulating factor，GRF）主要在植物生长发育中起重要的调控作用[4-5]。GRF转录因子的N端有2个保守结构域，分别是QLQ（Gln、Leu、Gln）和WRC（Trp、Arg、Cys）保守结构域[6]。QLQ结构域可通过与GRF互作因子（GRF-interacting factor1，GIF1）结合，形成转录共激活因子，激活下游的靶基因表达;WRC结构域包含一个核定位信号NLS区域和一个与DNA结合的锌指基序，均与GRF转录因子生物学功能密切相关[7]。……