程晓宇 刘国勇

摘    要： 瓜农土地流转是促进瓜业规模经营、实现农业现代化的重要措施，也是实施乡村振兴战略的有效举措。笔者在分析南北疆瓜农土地流转现状及区域差异的基础上，利用统计面板数据和固定效应模型，分析了造成南北疆瓜农土地流转区域差异的成因。结果表明：产业结构、农村劳动力转移、瓜农土地资源禀赋、地区经济发展水平以及南北疆地区差异是南北疆瓜农土地流转区域差异的主要原因，在此基础上，提出了缩小南北疆瓜农土地流转区域差异的对策建议。

关键词： 瓜农土地流转; 区域差异; 成因; 对策

中图分类号： S651+S652 文献标志码： B 文章编号： 1673-2871（2021）07-097-07

Research on regional differences of land circulation in Xinjiang： causes and countermeasures

CHENG Xiaoyu， LIU Guoyong

（School of Economics and Business， Xinjiang Agricultural University， Urumqi 830052， Xinjiang， China）

Abstract： Land transfer is an important measure to promote large-scale agricultural operations and realize agricultural modernization， and it is also an effective measure to implement the rural revitalization strategy. Based on the analysis of the status quo and regional differences in land transfer between the northern and southern Xinjiang， this paper uses statistical panel data and the fixed effect model to analyze the causes of the regional differences in land transfer between the northern and southern Xinjiang. The results showed that industrial structure， rural labor transfer， land resource endowment， regional economic development level， and regional differences between the northern and southern Xinjiang are the main reasons for the regional differences in land transfer between the northern and southern Xinjiang. On this basis， the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to reduce the regional differences land transfer of melon farmers in southern and northern Xinjiang.

Key words： Land transfer; Regional differences; Causes; Countermeasures

土地不僅是人类赖以生存的资源，更是农业最基本的生产资料。随着经济的发展，农村瓜农土地承包经营权流转已成为我国实现规模化农业的重要途径[1-2]，瓜农土地流转不仅能够促进资源的合理流动，更能实现有限的瓜农土地资源合理配置和充分利用。从新疆农村瓜农土地流转的整体情况来看，自然条件和历史发展造成南疆地区经济发展缓慢，南疆和北疆地区瓜农土地流转存在显著差异，因此研究南疆和北疆瓜农土地流转差异的成因，对于解决新疆农村经济发展不平衡问题具有重要的现实意义。

关于瓜农土地流转的差异，国内学者从以下几个方面进行了研究。农村劳动力的转移以及我国各项惠农政策、瓜农土地政策的实施，使得我国人地矛盾问题得到缓解，瓜农土地流转发展迅速[3]。……