早熟娃娃菜新品种帕夏的选育
2021-08-23黄浩钰张志恒陈永强杨洁
黄浩钰 张志恒 陈永强 杨洁



摘 要: 帕夏是以自交不亲和系C06-11为母本、自交不亲和系X07-01为父本杂交选育而成的早熟娃娃菜新品种。该品种植株生长势旺盛,叶球筒形叠抱,黄绿色,外叶绿色,茸毛较疏,叶缘全缘,叶柄绿白色,中肋厚度中等,结球紧实,株高30 cm,球高20 cm,球宽14 cm,生育期55 d,叶球质量0.98 kg,667 m2产量4800~5000 kg。田間抗病毒病和霜霉病能力强,口感佳、品质优良,适宜在甘肃省定西市、兰州市和河西地区以及同类地区种植,2020年7月通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。
关键词: 娃娃菜; 新品种; 帕夏; 早熟; 耐贮藏; 杂种1代
中图分类号: S634.1 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1673-2871(2021)07-084-04
Breeding of a new early-maturing baby cabbage variety Paxia
HUANG Haoyu 1 , ZHANG Zhiheng 2, CHEN Yongqiang 3, YANG Jie4
(1. Qingyang Agricultural Information Center, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China; 2. Gansu Kelong Agriculture Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China, 3. Lanzhou Chuanggao Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; 4. Qingyang Seed Management Station, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China)
Abstract: Paxia is a new F1 hybrid bred by crossing self imcompatible Line C06-11 with X07-01. It is early maturity and takes about 55 days from sowing to harvest.The leaves are in the shape of spherical and tubular with yellowish green and good overlapping property, sparse villi, complete leaf margin, green and white petioles and medium rib thickness. The outer leaves are medium green and tight leaf head. The whole growth period is 55 d. It is 30 cm in plant height, 14 cm in plant width. The fruit is 20 cm in length, 14 cm in width, 0.98 kg in fresh weight. The yield is 4800-5000 kg per 667 m2. Its resistant to virus and downy mildew in the field. It tastes good, with superior quality and storage ability. It is suitable to be cultivated in Hexi region such as Dingxi and Lanzhou of Gansu Province.
Key words: Baby cabbage; New variety; Paxia; Early-maturing; Resistant to storage; F1 hybrid
1 育种目标
甘肃省是优质蔬菜的理想产地,蔬菜产业已成为甘肃省六大扶贫产业之一[1-2], 2019年全省蔬菜总面积60.67万hm2,产量达到2048万t,产值达到490亿元,其中甘蓝、娃娃菜等在国内外市场具有较强竞争力,是西菜东调、出口创汇蔬菜的重要生产基地[3-5]。随着蔬菜产业的不断发展,传统娃娃菜较小棵娃娃菜尾菜多、处理麻烦,而且对环境构成污染,经济效益低等问题日益突出[6-7]。兰州创高农业科技有限公司以无需去掉太多球叶、口感好,生食无渣,脆甜,适合凉拌、爆炒的早熟娃娃菜为育种目标[8-10],经过多年培育,选育了口感好、早熟、抗病性好的娃娃菜新品种帕夏,有效解决了甘肃省高原夏菜产品上市期集中、尾菜处理难、贮藏损耗、具有自主产权品种少等问题[11-12],及时补足了早熟娃娃菜市场需求。
2 选育过程
2.1 母本选育
母本C06-11是2006年用自有杂交品系L00-4经过3 a(年)5代自交,分离筛选出的自交不亲和系C06-11。……
