西瓜新品种豫艺2013的选育
2021-08-23熊明国张宝金
熊明国 张宝金



摘 要: 豫艺2013是以A10为母本、TW22为父本杂交选育而成的花皮圆形中果型西瓜新品种。该品种春季露地栽培全生育期95~103 d,果实发育期36~40 d。植株长势强,分枝性中等,生产性状优良,易栽培,第1雌花节位6~8片叶,雌花间隔节位5~6节,坐果性好。果实圆形,绿色果皮上覆深墨绿色细齿条,蜡粉少,果皮厚1.2 cm左右,瓜瓤鲜红色,口感酥脆,中心可溶性固形物质量分数11.6%、边部9.2%。平均单果质量6.6 kg,667 m2产量3150 kg左右,品质优,耐贮运。适合在河南、山东、河北、山西等地露地、拱棚种植。2018年11月通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。
关键词: 西瓜; 新品种; 豫艺2013; 杂交1代
中图分类号:S651 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1673-2871(2021)07-081-04
Breeding of a new watermelon cultivar Yuyi 2013
XIONG Mingguo1, ZHANG Baojin2
(1. Shangqiu Polytechnic, Shangqiu 476100, Henan, China ; 2. Henan Yuyi Seed Industry Technology Development Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China)
Abstract: Yuyi 2013 is a new watermelon variety bred by crossing A10 as the female parent and TW22 as the male parent. The whole growth period in open field spring cultivation is 95-103d, and the fruit development period is 36-40 d. It is of strong growth, medium branching, excellent production characteristics . It is easy to set fruit, the first female flower is at the 6-8 node, and followed by a female flower every 5-6 node. The fruit is round with green skin and deep green well defined stripes, covered with little wax powder. The rind is about 1.2 cm in thickness. The flesh is bright red, crisp, the average soluble solid content is 11.6% in the center and 9.2% in the edge. The average fruit weight is 6.6 kg, and the yield on 667 m2 is about 3150 kg. It is resistant to storage and transportation with high quality. The cultivar is suitable for planting in open field and arch shed in Henan province, Shandong province, Hebei province, Shanxi province and other places.
Key words: Watermelon; New variety; Yuyi 2013; F1 hybird
1 育種目标
西瓜是我国重要的高效园艺作物,具有味甜多汁、栽培周期短、增收显著等特点,我国各地均有种植[1-2]。我国是西瓜生产和消费第一大国,据统计,目前我国西瓜种植面积已超过160万hm2[3]。河南省是西瓜种植大省,近几年西瓜年种植面积都超过25万hm2,居全国首位,西瓜也成为农民增收的重要经济作物之一[4-5]。目前,河南省主栽西瓜品种为京欣类型,且以京欣2号为主[6]。京欣2号西瓜是国家蔬菜工程技术研究中心20世纪90年代培育的优质早熟丰产西瓜杂交1代品种,具有广泛的生态适应性,保护地和露地均可栽培[7]。该品种因综合性状优良而受到生产者和消费者的青睐,种植面积逐年上升[8]。随着该品种的大面积推广,逐渐表现出抗逆性差、产量偏低、不耐贮运等不足,这与市场需求形成了突出的矛盾[9-10]。……
