柴文臣 阎世江

摘    要：为研究烯效唑对茄子幼苗耐低温性的影响，喷施不同质量浓度的烯效唑后，对茄子幼苗进行低温处理，测定低温下幼苗的茎粗、株高和耐低温指数等指标。结果表明，20 mg·L-1烯效唑处理后，茄子幼苗表现出较好的耐低温性，耐低温指数达0.86。对茄子幼苗进行相同的低温处理，测定可溶性蛋白质含量及保护酶活性，结果发现上述指标在不喷施烯效唑时变化幅度较小，喷施后可溶性蛋白质含量、POD、SOD、CAT活性等指标上升，9 d后分别达13.713 mg·g-1、369.650 U·g-1·min-1、268.349 U·g-1、125.809 U·g-1·min-1。因此，可以在苗期喷施20 mg·L-1烯效唑以提高茄子幼苗耐低温性。该方法操作简单，可以推广。

关键词：茄子;烯效唑;苗期;低温;生理指标

中图分类号：S641.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）07-067-04

Effects of uniconazole on related physiological indexes of eggplant seedlings at low temperature

CHAI Wenchen， YAN Shijiang

（College of Horticulture， Shanxi Agricultural University， Taiyuan 030031， Shanxi， China）

Abstract： In order to study the effect of uniconazole on the low temperature tolerance of eggplant seedlings， after spraying the eggplant seedlings with different densities of uniconazole， the eggplant seedlings were put in low temperature for treatment， the stem thickness， plant height， dry matter mass and low temperature tolerance index of the seedlings under low temperature were measured. The results showed that the plant height， stem thickness， dry matter mass and low temperature tolerance of the seedlings under the 20 mg·L-1 chemical treatment were higher， low temperature resistance index up to 0.86， the plants exhibited good low temperature tolerance， and the other mass fraction chemical treatments performed poorly， the best concentration of uniconazole was 20 mg·L-1. The mechanism of uniconazole action was studied， the eggplant seedlings were treated by the same low temperature， the content of soluble protein and the activities of POD， SOD and CAT were investigated. The results showed that all of the indicators changed slightly when the seedlings were non-treated， while the indicators increased after spraying uniconazole， the soluble protein content and POD， SOD， CAT activity reached 13.713 mg·g-1， 369.650 U·g-1·min-1， 268.349 U·g-1， 125.809 U·g-1·min-1， respectively after 9 days. Therefore， 20 mg·L-1 uniconazole can be sprayed at the seedling stage to improve the low temperature tolerance of eggplant seedlings. This method was simple to operate and could be promoted.

Key words：Eggplant; Uniconazole; Seedlings; Low temperature; Physiological indexes

茄子（Solanum melongena L.）原產印度，喜温，传入我国以后深受广大人民群众的喜爱，栽培面积巨大，但在反季节栽培过程中经常遭遇低温逆境，使茄子的发育受影响，因此有关茄子低温耐受性的研究成为热点[1]。已有学者在茄子耐低温育种资源的筛选[2]、与耐低温相关性状的遗传[3]、耐低温的生理机制[4]、设施专用品种的选育[5]等方面进行研究。对于从栽培学方法的角度提高其耐低温性是近年来研究的热点之一。烯效唑（代号S3307），是20世纪80年代初由日本住友商事株式会社研制成功的一种植物生长延缓剂，经研究证明可以调控植物的营养生长，其机制是抑制细胞伸长，降低株高，使侧芽提前发生，增强植物的抗逆性，具有高效、低毒、低残留量、对人畜无害的特点[6]，一经推出就引起大家的重视，目前主要应用在降低株高[7]、控制幼苗徒长[8]、促进果树扦插生根[9]、调控开花时间[10]、增强抗逆性[11]等方面。……