曾杰华 梁健

摘要：对现有水利施工构件的检测方式进行深入研究，针对其只能抽检，无法实现所有工件全检的缺点，研发出一种随动式视觉检测装置，详述了其设计方案、关键结构及技术原理。装置配置有回转式物料输送及翻转系统，可实现物料稳定输送及自动翻转;配置随动式自动定位视觉检测系统，其上的视觉采集装置可同步跟随物料以相同速度一起前进，实现摄像头相对物料保持静止，并对其实施360°无死角的全方位视觉扫描检测，以便于检测工件的所有细节，避免出现漏检的情况。这样就可以精确检测施工构件的外观参数，以判断其是否合格。

关键词：水利;构件;随动式;视觉检测;设计原理

中图分类号：TP274文献标志码：A文章编号：1009-9492（2021）11-0240-03

Design of Follow-up Visual Inspection Device for Hydraulic Construction Components

Zeng Jiehua1，Liang Jian2

（1. Guangdong Yuantian Engineering Co.， Ltd.， Guangzhou 511338， China;2. Guangdong Water Conservancy and Electric Power Vocational and Technical College， Guangzhou 510925， China）

Abstract： The existing inspection methods of water conservancy construction components were deeply studied. In view of the disadvantagethat it can only spot check and can not realize the full inspection of all workpieces， a follow-up visual inspection device was developed， and itsdesign scheme， key structure and technical principle were described in detail. The device was equipped with a rotary material conveying andturnover system， which could realize stable material conveying and automatic turnover. It was equipped with a follow-up automatic positioningvisual detection system， on which the visual acquisition device could synchronously follow the material at the same speed， so as to keep thecamera stationary relative to the material， and implement 360° omni-directional visual scanning detection without dead angle， so as to facilitatethe detection of all details of the workpiece and avoid missing inspection. In this way， the appearance parameters of construction componentscan be accurately detected to judge whether they are qualified or not.

Key words： hydraulic; component; follow-up; visual inspection; design principle

0 引言

水利水電建筑等常规的建筑施工中，经常需要用到很多不同材质、形状各异的标准化构件，如：钢构件、水泥构件、塑料构件等。这些标准化构件在安装使用前必须检测其相关参数是否达标，如外观缺陷、尺寸参数、防火涂层、防锈处理等等。因为需要检测的零件多且检测工艺繁琐，很多时候都只能在批量的零件中抽检，无法实现对所有零件实施检测，这样就会造成有缺陷的零件无法被检测出来，从而影响施工工程的质量。

视觉检测就是用摄像头代替人眼来进行检测，它是指通过机器的摄像头将被检测物体的外形转换成模拟信号，传送给专用的图像处理系统，然后该系统再把图像中像素分布和亮度、颜色等信息，转变成数字化信号;图像系统对这些信号进行各种运算来抽取目标的特征，进而根据判别的结果来控制现场的设备动作。……