基于最佳温度分布的均热板矩形微通道优化
2021-08-20陈钰龙苏开华吴磊
陈钰龙 苏开华 吴磊



摘要:矩形微通道已广泛用于均热板中,并且已有大量研究对微通道进行优化。为了对矩形微通道的尺寸进行优化,选择微通道的温度分布标准偏差作为标准。首先,根据 Navier –Stokes方程推导了矩形微通道的平均流速公式,然后,又推导了微通道的壁面温度分布公式,最后采用多项式拟合的方式对平均流速公式进行简化,得出微通道的温度分布标准偏差。数值研究表明,宽长比越大,温度分布越好。仅当宽度与深度的比率满足接触角的函数时,可以获得在微通道的纵向上的最佳温度分布。为均热板矩形微通道的尺寸优化提供了一定的理论计算依据,提出了以微通道的温度分布标准偏差最小作为优化的方向。
关键词:矩形微通道;平均流速;温度分布
中图分类号:TK124文献标志码:A文章编号:1009-9492(2021)11-0109-04
Optimization of Rectangular Microchannel of Vapor Chamber Based on Optimal Temperature Distribution
Chen Yulong1,Su Kaihua2, Wu Lei2
(1. Zhongshan Sansheng IOT Technology Co., Ltd., Zhongshan, Guangdong 528437, China;2. Department of Equipment Manufacturing, Zhongshan Torch Polytechnic, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528437, China)
Abstract: The rectangular microchannel has been extensively used in flat heat pipe and lots of study have been conducted to optimize thechannel on the maximum thermal conductivity in a microchannel. To optimize the size of the rectangular microchannel, the standard deviationof the temperature distribution of the microchannel is selected as the standard. First, the mean flow velocity was established by solving theNavier –Stokes equation. Then, the wall temperature distribution formula of the microchannel was derived. Finally, a polynomial fitting methodwas used to simplify the average flow rate formula, and obtain the standard deviation of the temperature distribution of the microchannel. Thenumerical investigation shows that the larger the ratio of width to length, the better the temperature distribution. Only when the ratio of width todepth satisfies a function of the contact angle, the best temperature distribution in longitudinal direction of the microchannel can be got. Theresearch provides a certain theoretical basis for the optimization of the size of the rectangular microchannel, and proposes the minimumstandard deviation of the temperature distribution of the microchannel as the optimization direction.
Key words: rectangular microchannel; mean flow velocity; temperature distribution
0 引言
电子元器件在使用过程中不可避免地都会出现发热,因此需要对其进行散热。而均热板具有高导热性的能力,特别适合用于冷却高功耗电子元件[1],因此,对均热板散热性能研究具有重要意义。已经有大量的文献对均热板中的流动和传热特性进行研究,姜勇[2]对两款内部毛细芯结构不同的均热板进行数值分析,认为内部具有烧结铜粉柱体的均热板热性能更加优良;赵亮[3]测试了均热板和具有相同尺寸电子设备模块壳体在不同工况下的散热性能,发现均热板的均温效果优于同尺寸常规铝材模块壳体;基于植物叶片……
