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搅拌摩擦焊在新能源汽车电池下壳体焊接工艺中的应用

2021-08-20巫飞彪周博俊

机电工程技术 2021年11期

巫飞彪 周博俊

摘要:介绍了搅拌摩擦焊的原理及优点、电池下壳体的结构、搅拌摩擦焊系统及生产工艺流程,针对搅拌摩擦焊技术在新能源汽车电池下壳体焊接工艺中的应用,利用机器人搅拌摩擦焊对焊接工艺参数及母材连接方式进行了试验研究,得到优化后的主轴转速 S、焊接速度 F、下压力 P 及工件连接方式,提高了焊缝融合度和接头稳定性,且焊接接头的抗拉强度均能达到母材标准抗拉强度的70%以上,表明该工艺方法在焊接速度、节能环保和产品质量等方面具有一定的优势。

关键词:新能源汽车;电池下壳体;搅拌摩擦焊

中图分类号:TG453文献标志码:A文章编号:1009-9492(2021)11-0231-05

Application of Friction Stir Welding in the Welding Process of Battery Undershell of New Energy Automobile

Wu Feibiao1,Zhou Bojun2

(1. Guangzhou Dong Welding Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511447, China;2. Faculty of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China)

Abstract: The principle and advantages of friction stir welding, the structure of the lower battery shell, the friction stir welding system and theproduction process were introduced. For the application of the friction stir welding technology in the welding process of the lower shell of thenew energy vehicle battery, the robot was used for friction stir welding. The welding process parameters and the connection method of the basemetal were experimentally studied, and the optimized spindle speed S, welding speed F, down force P and workpiece connection method wereobtained, which improved the welding seam fusion and joint stability, and the workpiece was tested after welding. The tensile strength of thesheets can reach more than 70% of the standard tensile strength of the base material, indicating that the process method has certain advantagesin welding speed, energy saving, environmental protection and product quality.

Key words: new energy vehicle; lower case of battery; friction stir welding

0 引言

目前,全球石油儲蓄量越来越少,环境污染问题也愈发严重,在我国经济发展的现阶段,改善能源结构,实现低碳经济成为我国未来发展的主要方向,在此背景下,新能源汽车的诞生成为解决目前困境的重要突破口,并且逐渐成为各大汽车厂商现阶段的主要研究方向。我国政府也很快将新能源汽车的研发列入战略性产业,并对新能源车投入市场提供大力宣传和优惠政策,鼓励市民购买,加速新能源汽车对传统汽车的替代,促进汽车产业升级和可持续发展。

轻量化是目前新能源汽车的重点研究方向之一,为解决此问题已研发了不少轻量化材料和连接工艺的应用。将汽车车身结构的钢板材料焊接采用铝合金替代,总体质量可减轻50%以上,在承受同样冲击力情况下,铝合金板相对钢板可多吸收50%的冲击能,并且铝合金材料具有无磁性、良好的成形性、耐腐蚀性及低温性等特点,从而被广泛地应用于新能源汽车车身结构件的生产制造中[1]。……

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