振动工况下滚动轴承保持架稳定性分析
2021-08-20黄俊熙肖曙红
黄俊熙 肖曙红



摘要:由于枪钻主轴具有自身结构细长、刚性差的特点,在钻削时会产生颤振,从而对枪钻主轴轴承产生一个径向的振动。为了探究振动对轴承保持架稳定性的影响,利用 ADAMS软件建立了该轴承的动力学仿真模型,利用 ADAMS 自带的 CMD语言编写宏代码以快速添加接触约束。主要研究了振动工况参数和轴承结构参数对保持架打滑率和保持架质心涡动速度偏差比的影响。仿真结果表明:随着振动频率或振动幅值的增大,保持架的打滑率和保持架质心涡动速度偏差比也会随之增大,保持架稳定性降低;随着轴承沟曲率系数的增大,保持架的打滑率和保持架质心涡动速度偏差比先减少后增大,保持架的稳定性先增大后减少。
关键词:保持架;稳定性;动力学
中图分类号:TH133.33文献标志码:A
文章编号:1009-9492(2021)11-0030-03
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Stability Analysis of Rolling Bearing Cage under Vibration Conditions Huang Junxi,Xiao Shuhong
(School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China)
Abstract: Due to the slender structure and poor rigidity of the gun drill spindle, chatter vibration will occur during drilling, which will generatea radial vibration to the gun drill spindle bearing. In order to explore the impact of vibration on the stability of the bearing cage, the dynamicsimulation model of the bearing was established using ADAMS software, and the macro code was written by using CMD language to quickly addcontact constraints. The effects of vibration parameters and bearing structure parameters on cage slip rate and cage centroid whirl velocitydeviation ratio were mainly studied. The simulation results show that with the increase of the vibration frequency or vibration amplitude, theslip rate of the cage and the deviation ratio of the cage centroid whirl speed will also increase, and the stability of the cage will decrease; as thecurvature coefficient of the bearing groove increasing, the slip rate of the cage and the deviation ratio of the cage centroid vortex velocity firstdecrease and then increase, and the stability of the cage first increases and then decreases.
Key words: cage; stability; dynamics
0 引言
目前,滚动轴承被广泛应用在各种机械系统当中,因此,滚动轴承的运转性能直接关系到机械系统能否有效运转以及机械系统工作寿命的长短。而保持架作为滚动轴承的主要零部件,在轴承的运转中发挥着至关重要的作用。对于滚动轴承保持架动态特性的研究,最早开始于1984年,Gupta[1]编写了能用于模拟滚动轴承动态性能的程序,并做成了軟件。在考虑了轴承保持架6个自由度的基础上,Meeks C R[2-4]编写了可以计算轴承各零部件相互作用的程序,但并没有进一步考虑轴承保持架的稳定性。Li Q等[5]研究了在内圈固定外圈旋转以及内外圈旋转方向相反两种情况下,保持架在不同转速和载荷下的动态特性,并通过实验研究得出保持架质心的运动轨迹。……
