徐莎

[关键词] 乙酰半胱氨酸;雾化吸入;儿童肺炎;临床症状;炎症因子;不良反应

[中图分类号] R725.6          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）19-0071-04

Efficacy and safety analysis of acetylcysteine atomization in treating pneumonia in children

XU Sha

Department of Pediatrics， the People′s Hospital of Liaoning Province， Shenyang   110000， China

[Abstract] Objective To study the efficacy and safety of acetylcysteine atomization inhalation in the treatment of pneumonia in children. Methods A total of 152 children with pneumonia diagnosed and treated in our hospital from October 2019 to July 2020 were selected as subjects. They were randomly divided into the control group（conventional comprehensive treatment） and the experimental group （conventional comprehensive treatment+acetylcysteine atomization inhalation）. The total effective rate， relief time of clinical symptom， hospitalization time， inflammatory factor （CRP， PCT and WBC count） level and adverse reaction incidence rate of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate was higher in the experimental group （97.37%） than that in the control group （88.16%） （P<0.05）. The relief time of clinical symptoms [cough： （4.37±0.65） d， fever： （2.01±0.34） d， shortness of breath： （2.95±0.43） d， and pulmonary rales： （5.11±0.87） d] and hospitalization time [（5.49±1.18） d] were both shorter in the experimental group than those in the control group [（6.02±0.87） d， （2.69±0.51） d， （3.54±0.56） d， （6.84±1.03） d， （6.67±1.32） d] （P<0.05）. The number of inflammatory factors （CRP， PCT and WBC） in the experimental group were （4.3±0.8） mg/L， （0.032±0.005） g/L， （7.48±0.77） ×109/L， respectively， which were lower than those in the control group [（6.0±1.1） mg/L， （0.085±0.009） g/L， （8.63±1.05） ×109/L， respectively] （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 3.96% in the experimental group， slightly lower than that in the control group （6.58%）， with no significant difference between the groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion The application of acetylcysteine atomization inhalation therapy is helpful to relieve clinical symptoms， reduce inflammatory reaction of children′s pneumonia， with higher safety.

[Key words] Acetylcysteine; Atomization inhalation; Pneumonia in children; Clinical symptoms; Inflammatory factors; Adverse reaction

肺炎是儿童期的常见病、多发病，是导致儿童死亡、影响儿童健康成长的重要疾病之一[1]。兒童肺炎病情进展快，极易发展成重症肺炎，增加治疗难度，并诱发肺外并发症，危及生命安全。目前临床上对于儿童肺炎的治疗以抗菌药物、抗病毒药物为主，但是不宜长期应用，以免对神经系统、血液系统等造成损伤[2-3]。近年来不少学者提出“内病外治”的观点，建议应用雾化吸入治疗儿童肺炎，达到满意的治疗效果，又能减少不良反应发生。雾化吸入治疗是治疗呼吸道疾病的有效方法，药物经雾化后直接到达终末支气管、肺泡，发挥药物疗效[4]。乙酰半胱氨酸是一种黏液溶解剂，其能促进肺炎患儿痰液的溶解排出，改善咳嗽、气促等症状，同时该药又是一种富含巯基的抗氧化剂，能减轻组织细胞损伤。本院发现乙酰半胱氨酸雾化吸入在儿童肺炎治疗中能促进临床症状缓解，缩短住院时间，现报道如下。