老年衰弱与心血管病危险因素的相关性分析
2021-08-11董冰茹顾晓青陈海英顾杰
董冰茹 顾晓青 陈海英 顾杰



摘 要 目的:評估社区老年人群衰弱与三大心血管病(高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症)危险因素的相关性。方法:2016年9—10月通过问卷调查选择年度体格检查老年人3 274名,平均年龄为(73.69±6.86)岁,其中男性1 282人(39.2%),女性1 992人(60.8%)。用Fried量表评估患者衰弱状态,并分为健康组294人(9.0%),衰弱前期组2 592人(79.2%),衰弱组388人(11.9%)。评估三组高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症的患病率,并采用Logistic回归分析确定衰弱与高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症的相关性。结果:与其他两组相比,衰弱组的高血压(70.8%)、糖尿病(14.2%)患病率更高,高脂血症患病率更低(46.1%),差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。Logistic回归显示,衰弱与糖尿病(OR=2.044,95%CI=1.188-3.515,P<0.05)呈正相关,与高脂血症(OR=0.641,95%CI=0.456-0.902,P<0.05)呈负相关,与高血压无显著相关性(P>0.05),而衰弱前期与所有因素均无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论:糖尿病与衰弱高发相关,但高脂血症却为保护因素,提示全科医生应当合理控制老年人的血糖和血脂水平。
关键词 衰弱;高血压;糖尿病;高脂血症
中图分类号:R592 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2021)12-0045-04
Correlation analysis of senile frailty and cardiovascular disease risk factors
DONG Bingru1, GU Xiaoqing2, CHEN Haiying2, GU Jie3(1. Standardized Training Base for Resident Doctors of Department of General Practice of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; 2. Xidu Community Health Service Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai 201401, China; 3. Department of General Practice of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the correlation between frailty and three risk factors of cardiovascular diseases(hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia) in the community elderly. Methods: From September to October in 2016, 3 274 elderly people with an average age of (73.69±6.86) years were selected through questionnaire survey, among them there were 1 282 males(39.2%) and 1 992 females(60.8%). The debilitating state of the patients was evaluated by the Fried scale, and they were divided into a healthy group 294(9.0%), a pre-frail group 2 592(79.2%) and a frail group 388(11.9%). The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were evaluated, and Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between frailty and hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia. Results: Compared with the other two groups, the prevalence of hypertension(70.8%) and diabetes(14.2%) in the frail group was higher, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia was lower(46.1%), and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Logistic regression showed that frailty was positively correlated with diabetes(OR=2.044, 95% CI=1.188-3.515, P<0.05), negatively correlated with hyperlipidemia(OR=0.641, 95% CI=0.456-0.902, P<0.05), there was no significant correlation with hypertension(P>0.05), while pre-frailty had no significant correlation with all factors(P>0.05). Conclusion: Diabetes is associated with high risk of frailty, but hyperlipidemia is a protective factor, which suggests that general practitioners should reasonably control the level of blood glucose and blood lipid in the elderly.
KEY WORDS frailty; hypertension; diabetes; hyperlipidemia
衰弱是指與年龄相关的多系统生理储备下降而导致的易受应激源影响的状态,因此增加了老年人跌倒、住院、死亡等不良健康结局的风险[1]。我国社区60岁及以上老年人群中衰弱的患病率高达6.0~12.5%[2]。心血管病是老年人另一类常见疾病,患病率高,预后差,严重影响患者的健康[3]。有研究显示衰弱不仅与心血管病的病理生理机制存在共同特征和双向联系[4],也与心血管病的三大危险因素高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症存在一定的相关性[5],但目前证据有限,不同研究的结果亦不相同。本研究旨在探讨中国社区老年人中衰弱与高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症之间的关系,从而为衰弱与心血管病的综合防治提供理论依据,帮助临床医生更好地进行老年人群的健康管理。……p>
