提 要 马来西亚在华语传承方面积累了丰富的实践经验，堪称典范。马来西亚经历了从华人社会到华语社区的过程，马来西亚的华语社区和华语生活，保障了华语的活力和生命力，是马来西亚华语得到很好传承的重要途径。随着新技术的发展，数字经济时代的到来，马来西亚华语社区突破物理空间限制，华语传承模式也在悄然发生变化，新型华文传媒的作用更加凸显，华语的功能空间继续扩展，为马来西亚华语的传承与传播提供了新的动力。对马来西亚华语传承实践的研究有助于深化认识华语社区和华语传承的关系，可为全球华语传承提供重要参考。

关键词 马来西亚;华人社会;华语社区;华语传承

中图分类号 H002 文献标识码 A 文章编号 2096-1014（2021）04-0011-08

DOI 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210401

Abstract Malaysia can be regarded as a model in Huayu inheritance and it has obtained rich experiences in the practice of keeping Huayu alive. Over recent decades， Malaysian Chinese has experienced a transformation from an ethnic Chinese society to a Huayu community， which means a true realization of using Huayu in daily life. This change ensures the vitality of Chinese and has proved to be a significant and effective way for Huayu inheritance. In the digital economy era， with technological advancement， a salient change has happened in the Huayu community in Malaysian： the effort in Huayu inheritance has broken the limitation in space constraints， extending Huayu use to more functional domains and changing the mode of Huayu inheritance. The role of new Chinese media has become increasingly prominent as the function of Huayu continues to expand， which in turn provides new motivation for the inheritance and spreading of Malaysian Huayu. Research on Malaysian Huayu inheritance helps deepen the understanding of the relationship between Huayu community and Huayu inheritance and is bound to provide a valuable reference for global efforts of Huayu inheritance.

Key words Malaysia; Chinese diaspora; Huayu community; Huayu inheritance

一、引 言

近年來，华语传承研究受到越来越多学者的关注。在以往的研究中，讨论多集中在华文学校和华人家庭的作用上。本文尝试从“华语社区”的视角来考察海外华语是如何在华人代际间传承的。“华语社区”是在徐大明（2004）言语社区理论基础上发展起来的一个概念。徐大明、王晓梅（2009）使用了“全球华语社区”的说法，认为华语除了沟通作用，还有重要的认同作用，而“华语社区”最大的特点就是其成员对华语具有归属感和认同感。

“社区”这一概念源自是社会学，强调地域、人口、民族身份等意义;而“华语社区”则是根据社会语言学的标准来判定的。如此看来，“华语社区”既符合社会学定义的社区，又是一种强调具有语言特性的社区，是言语互动的实体。……