徐琎 苏燕梅 庄佩芬

摘 要：【目的/意义】探讨台湾赴大陆农业投资区位选择动因，促进两岸农业交流与合作。【方法/过程】分析台湾赴大陆农业投资产业结构的演变历程，以及投资的特征与投资目标地区的特点及其变化过程，探究台湾赴大陆农业投资的区位选择的影响因素及变化的原因。【结果/结论】结果显示，自然环境因素与社会因素共同造就了台湾对大陆农业直接投资的区位北移及西移的趋势，台湾农业投资应充分利用大陆地区优势，抓住“一带一路”倡议下“走出去”的好机遇，积极把握政策方向，促进农业共同发展。

关键词：台湾农业对外直接投资;农业投资;区位选择

中图分类号：F712.9文献标志码：A文章编号：1637-5617（2021）02-0016-006

Abstract： 【Objective/Meaning】The motivation of the locational choice of Taiwans agricultural investment in the Chinese mainland was explored in this paper， thus to promote the cross-strait agricultural exchanges and cooperation. 【Methods/Procedures】The evolution process of the industrial structure of Taiwans agricultural investment in the Chinese mainland was analyzed， as well as the characteristics of the investment， the characteristics of the objective areas and their changing process. And then， the influencing factors of the locational choice of Taiwans agricultural investment in the Chinese mainland and the reasons for the change were explored. 【Results/Conclusions】The results showed that the geographical location of Taiwans agricultural direct investment in the Chinese mainland was moving northward and westward due to both the natural environmental factors and social factors. Taiwans agricultural investment should make full use of the advantages of the Chinese mainland， seize the good opportunity of “going out” under the initiative of “One Belt and One Road”， and grasp the direction of policy actively， thus to promote the common development of agriculture.

Key words： OFDI of Taiwans agriculture; agricultural investment; locational choice

臺湾的发展和大陆息息相关，其中农业发展是台湾经济腾飞并成为亚洲四小龙的极为重要的一环。研究台湾在大陆农业投资的区位选择动因，有利于大陆和台湾实现互利共赢，达成长期友好合作;有利于促进彼此的经济发展，升级产业结构，扩大各自影响力，稳固和强化两岸农业交流。过去国内外学者的研究更着重于分析台湾赴大陆农业投资的原因，如郑曦[1]认为影响台商在祖国大陆投资地域选择的因素有劳动力成本、经济因素、科技资源、产业积聚和投资环境;王永莹等[2]认为还有市场和政策因素的影响。而近年来对于区位选择的变化及其原因的研究逐渐增加。李航飞等[3]基于演化经济地理学及FDI理论研究表明台商大陆农业投资存在“路径依赖”效应且实现了“路径创新”;谢国娥等[4] 认为台商对大陆农业投资的地区逐步扩散，显现出阶梯分布的原因是其投资动机从外销转向内销。……