关宇梁 尹新明 李宁侠 席玉强

摘    要：双翅目叶蝇科真叶蝇亚科真叶蝇属成虫触角第1鞭节和下颚须极度膨大，其表面感受器的形态和功能缺乏系统研究。为了明确其超微结构、类型和分布情况，利用扫描电子显微镜对该属2个代表种，黑三角真叶蝇和广西真叶蝇的成虫触角感受器和下颚须感受器的超微形态结构进行观察和研究。结果表明，这2种叶蝇种类触角感受器种类基本相同，且雌雄无太大差别，共存在5种感受器，分别为毛形感器、锥形感器I、锥形感器II、刺形感器和鬃形感器;下颚须具4种感受器，分别为毛形感器、刺形感器、锥形感器II和鬃形感器。对两种真叶蝇的触角和下颚须各种感受器的形态、分布特点进行了描述，并对其功能进行了一定的探讨，感受器种类无太大差别，仅数量和分布有所差别。

关键词：黑三角真叶蝇;广西真叶蝇;触角;下颚须;感受器

中图分类号：Q969.464.6         文献标识码：A           DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.05.017

Abstract：The genus Phyllomyza of subfamily Phyllomyzinae with extremely enlarge first flagellomere and palpus， the morphology and function of the sensilla are poorly known. Therefore， the external form， types and distribution of sensilla on the antennae and palpus of Phyllomyza peceusa and Phyllomyza guangxiensis were observed by scanning electron microscope. In this study， we described the ultra-morphology of sensilla on the adult antennae and palpus. Five types of antennae sensilla were found： sensilla trichodea， sensilla basiconica type I， sensilla basiconica type II， sensilla chaeticaand sensilla achaetiea. Meanwhile， there were four types of palpus sensilla，including sensilla trichodea， sensilla chaetica， sensilla basiconica type II and sensilla achaetiea. The morphology and distribution of the various receptors of antennae and paplus of the two species were described. Moreover， their functions were discussed. We found there was no difference of the sensilla types between antenna and palpus except for the numbers and distribution.

Key words： Phyllomyza peceusa; Phyllomyza guangxiensis; antenna; palpus; sensilla

地球上昆蟲种类繁多，昆虫通过觅食、寻找栖息地、防御、繁殖等行为完成生命活动，大多数昆虫通过求偶、交配、产卵完成世代的繁衍，而昆虫的这些活动都需要感受器协助才能完成。感受器是昆虫体壁特化的一部分表皮，是对周围环境和内部各种刺激产生反应的重要结构，它们与神经系统一起控制和调节昆虫的行为[1]。昆虫体表感受器是维持其正常生命活动的重要器官，触角和口器是感受器分布最集中的结构[2-3]，其表面具有种类繁多的感受器。……