施亚丽 吴基文 翟晓荣 王广涛 洪荒 毕尧山

摘 要：為研究矿井开采活动对含水层的扰动影响，以皖北恒源煤矿八含为研究对象，收集了1988a～2019a共61个八含水样的水质数据，运用聚类分析方法将所采水样分成3个不同开采阶段的数据组，通过分析不同开采阶段的八含水化学特征，从时间维度上研究了采矿活动对八含水质的扰动影响，并通过建立不同开采阶段八含水质和太灰水质的偏最小二乘判别（PLS-DA）模型讨论了八含水与太灰水之间的水力联系。结果表明：（1）随着开采活动的进行，八含水的水化学特征发生了明显变化;（2）对比不同开采阶段的八含水质与太灰水质，显示开采初期八含水水质与太灰水水质迥异，但随着采矿活动的进行，开采Ⅲ阶段的八含水水质趋近于太灰水水质;（3）不同开采阶段八含水质具有明显的聚类效应，部分开采Ⅲ阶段的八含水样水质呈现出太灰水与八含水的混合水水质特征，验证了八含水在采动影响下与太灰水发生水力联系的结果。研究成果可为矿井水害防治以及水资源的开发利用提供科学依据。

关键词：水化学特征变化;水力联系;聚类分析;PLS-DA;采动影响

中图分类号： TD745.21  文献标志码：A

文章编号：1672-1098（2021）01-0031-10

收稿日期：2020-09-29

基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（41272278）;安徽高校科研平台创新团队建设基金资助项目（2016-2018-24）

作者简介：施亚丽（1995-），女，安徽合肥人，在读硕士，研究方向：水文地质与工程地质。

Study on  Hydrochemical Characteristics of the Eighth  Aquifer of  Hengyuan Coal Mine in Northern Anhui Province under the  Influence of Mining

SHI Yali1，WU Jiwen1，ZHAI Xiaorong1，WANG Guangtao1 HONG Huang2，BI Yaoshan1

（1. School of Earth and Environment，Anhui University of Science and Technology，Huainan  Anhui  232001，China;2. Hengyuan Coal Mine of Anhui Hengyuan Coal Power Co.，Ltd， Huaibei Anhui  235000， China）

Abstract：In order to study the influence of mining activities on aquifer disturbance， with the eighth aquifer of Hengyuan Coal Mine in Northern Anhui Province as the research object， the water quality data were collected of 61 water samples at the eighth aquifer from 1988 to 2019， which were divided into three data groups of different mining stages with the cluster analysis method. By analyzing the hydrochemical characteristics of the eighth aquifer in three different mining stages， the disturbance effect of mining activities on the water quality was studied in the time dimension. And by establishing the PLS-DA recognition model of water quality of the eighth aquifer and the Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer in different mining stages， the hydraulic connection was discussed between the groundwater of the eighth aquifer and the Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer. The results show the following facts：（1）With the development of mining activities， the hydrochemical characteristics of the eighth aquifer change obviously;（2）Comparing the water quality of the eighth aquifer and the Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer in different mining stages reveals that the water quality of the eighth aquifer water is different from that of the Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer in the early stage of mining. With the mining activities going on， the water quality of the eighth aquifer in the third stage of mining is similar to that of the Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer;（3）There is obvious clustering effect in different mining stages and the water quality of the eighth aquifer water samples in the third stage of mining shows the characteristics of mixed water of the Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer and the eighth aquifer water， which proves the hydraulic connection between the eighth aquifer water and the Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer under the influence of mining. The research results will provide scientific basis for mine water disaster prevention and development and utilization of water resources.

Key words：change of hydrochemical characteristics; hydraulic connection; cluster analysis; PLS-DA; mining influence

矿井水害问题严重威胁着煤矿的安全生产[1]。……