吴建丽　袁珍　王永亮　刘凌宇　孙嘉靖　李诺　陆阁玲　梅荣军

〔摘要〕 目的 觀察电项针对慢性睡眠剥夺（CSD）轻度认知障碍大鼠海马组织中突触素（SYN）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和酪氨酸激酶受体B（TrkB）蛋白表达的影响，探讨电项针改善CSD记忆损伤的作用机制。方法 将24只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为大平台对照组、模型组和电项针组，每组8只。模型组和电项针组采用改良的多平台水环境法制备模型，大平台对照组除平台表面有细密铁丝网外，其他条件与造模环境一致。电项针组选取两侧的风池和供血穴电针治疗，模型组和大平台对照组给予相同时间的捆绑固定，共14 d。Morris水迷宫实验检测大鼠学习记忆能力，免疫组化技术检测各组海马CA1区SYN、BDNF和TrkB蛋白的定性表达，Western blot技术检测各组海马区SYN、BDNF和TrkB蛋白的定量表达。结果 造模后，模型组和电项针组大鼠逃避潜伏期较大平台对照组明显延长（P<0.05），经针刺治疗后，电项针组逃避潜伏期较模型组显著缩短（P<0.05）。免疫组化和Western blot结果显示，与大平台对照组相比，模型组大鼠海马SYN、BDNF和TrkB蛋白表达均明显减少（P<0.05）;与模型组相比，电项针组大鼠海马SYN、BDNF和TrkB蛋白表达升高（P<0.05）。与大平台对照组大鼠相比，电项针组TrkB表达升高（P<0.05），SYN和BDNF表达差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 电项针能显著上调CSD轻度认知障碍大鼠海马区SYN、BDNF和TrkB蛋白的表达，增强海马突触可塑性。

〔关键词〕 慢性睡眠剥夺;轻度认知障碍;电项针;学习记忆;突触可塑性

〔中图分类号〕R245       〔文献标志码〕A       〔文章编号〕doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2021.03.009

〔Abstract〕 Objective To observe the influence of electro-nape-acupuncture on protein expression of synaptophysin （SYN）， brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and tyrosine kinase receptor B （TrkB） in hippocampus in mild cognitive dysfunction rats with chronic sleep deprivation （CSD）. In order to explore the mechanism of electro-nape-acupuncture in improving memory impairment of CSD. Methods 24 Wistar male rats were randomly divided into large platform control group， model group and electro-nape-acupuncture group， 8 rats in each group. Model group and electro-nape-acupuncture group of model rats were established by improved multi-platform water environment method. Platform surface is covered with fine wire mesh in the large platform control group， other conditions of which were consistent with building environment. Electro-nape-acupuncture group rats were treated by acupuncture to Fengchi （GB20） acupoint and Gong-xue acupoint on both sides. The rats of model group and large platform control group were subject to binding for an equal time with electro-nape-acupuncture group every time for 14 days. Morris water maze was applied to evaluated the learning and memory ability of rats. Immunohistochemisty was employed to detect qualitative expressions of SYN， BDNF and TrkB proteins in hippocampal CA1 area. Western blot was used to examine quantitative expressions of SYN， BDNF and TrkB proteins in hippocampus. Results After building model， the escape latency of model group and electro-nape-acupuncture group were prolonged compared with large platform control group （P<0.05）. After acupuncture treatment， the escape latency of electro-nape-acupuncture group were shorted compared with model group after treatment （P<0.05）. Immunohistochemisty and Western blot showed that compared with large platform control group， the protein expressions of SYN， BDNF and TrkB of hippocampus in model group were significantly decreased（P<0.05）; electro-nape-acupuncture group significantly increased the expression of SYN， BDNF and TrkB compared with model group （P<0.05）. Expression of TrkB protein in electro-nape-acupuncture group was increased compared with large platform control group （P<0.05）. Electro-nape-acupuncture group and large platform control group showed no statistically difference in SYN and BDNF protein expressions （P>0.05）. Conclusion Electro-nape-acupuncture can enhance the hippocampal synaptic plasticity of mild cognitivedysfunction rats induced by CSD by up-regulating protein expression levels of SYN， BDNF and TrkB.

〔Keywords〕 chronic sleep deprivation; mild cognitive dysfunction; electro-nape-acupuncture; learning and memory; synaptic plasticity

慢性睡眠剥夺（chronic sleep deprivation， CSD）是指机体每日获得睡眠的时间长期少于4 h的一种状态。睡眠有助于记忆的巩固和优化，参与了许多复杂的或包括情感的认知过程[1]。有研究[2-3]表明，限制睡眠或睡眠不足均能导致认知水平下降，还能加大患阿尔兹海默病的风险。目前，改善认知功能的药物主要包括胆碱酯酶抑制剂、抗氧化剂及促进脑血液循环的药物，如多奈哌齐、脑复康和美金刚等，可暂时提高认知功能，但不能延缓疾病的进程。……