王书转 马雪莲

摘 要：新时期我国推进乡村发展、实现农村现代化的重要举措是实行乡村振兴战略，这一战略对于解决新时期“三农”问题具有重要意义。对乡村进行分类是实施乡村振兴战略的先决基础，由此，建立一套科学、完整的乡村分类识别体系已是当务之急。该研究分析了影响乡村布局和发展的主要因素，根据这些因素建立乡村类型识别的方法体系，并按照“发展基础→生产条件→交通条件→服务设施”的思路对各类型乡村进行逐级识别，由此将构林镇的乡村分为特色保护型、城郊融合型、搬迁撤并型、集聚提升型和传统农业型等5种类型，并根据不同类型的乡村所具有的特点，提出了不同的发展策略。研究结果可为同类区域实现乡村振兴提供参考。

关键词：乡村振兴;分类识别;振兴策略;邓州市构林镇

中图分类号 F323 文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）12-0001-04

Research on the Identification of Rural Vitalization Type and Vitalization Strategy

WANG Shuzhuan et al.

（School of Geographical Science and Tourism， Nanyang Normal Universtiy， Nanyang 473061， China）

Abstract： In the new era， China′s rural development is an important measure to implement the rural revitalization strategy， which is important to break the new era of “three rural” issues， and is an important strategic deployment to achieve rural modernization. The classification of rural areas is a prerequisite for the current stage of the rvitalization strategy in China. However，due to the lack of a set of scientific and complete classification and identification system to classify the countryside， so this has become a top priority. This paper simply analyzed the main factors that affected the rural layout and development， and established a method system for the identification of rural types according to these factors， and identified each type of villages step by step according to the idea of “development basis→production conditions→traffic conditions→service facilities”. Goulin town village could be divided into five types： specific protection， suburban fusion， relocation removal， gather ascension， the traditional agriculture. Based on the characteristics of different rural types， different development strategy was put forward. The results can provide reference for similar regions to realize the rural revitalization.

Key words： Rural vitalization; Classification and identification; Evitalization strategy; Goulin town， Dengzhou city

在中国近几十年的城市化进程中，城市与农村人员、资金、商品、技术以及信息等方面的交流，造成城市化加速，农村的空心化严重，形成城乡二元经济结构的格局，农村发展问题成为中国实现全面小康的关键问题。为了消除城乡二元结构，实现城乡融合发展，中央提出了实施乡村振兴战略[1]。乡村振兴战略的总体要求是“产业兴旺、生活富裕、治理有效和生态宜居”，而乡村发展会受到发展基础、生产条件、交通条件、基础设施等多个因素的影响，表现出差异性和多元化。乡村振兴类型识别有助于明确各村发展的方向，有利于对各种资源整合，加快乡村发展的速度，因此有必要对乡村类型进行分类讨论。……