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实用化高可靠性自主驾驶轨道交通装备体系研究

2021-07-25林云志杨斌文新范建伟

科技创新导报 2021年6期

林云志 杨斌 文新 范建伟

摘  要:我国城市轨道交通近年来得到快速的发展,已经逐步成为了公共轨道交通中的骨干力量,伴随着自动化程度的日益增高,列车自主驾驶是轨道交通发展的方向。本文简要回顾了轨道交通自动驾驶的发展历程,描述了列车自主驾驶系统的主要需求及难点,提出了采用航天多模冗余技术的实用化高可靠自主驾驶技术方案,描述了自主驾驶轨道交通装备的体系架构图,最后对该模式加以分析,对构建适合城市轨道交通发展的自主性驾驶轨道交通装备技术体系提供了有利的支撑。以节能环保、安全舒适、经济效益优为目标的大背景环境下,轨道交通自动驾驶系统正在逐步替代司乘人员的工作,该实用化装备体系在未来将会发挥重要的作用。

关键词:轨道交通  自主驾驶  装备体系  多模冗余技术

中图分类号:U239.5          文献标识码:A                   文章编号:1674-098X(2021)02(c)-0077-05

Research on Practical High Reliability Autonomous Rail Transit Equipment System

LIN Yunzhi1  YANG Bin2  WEN Xin2  FAN Jianwei1

(1.China Railway Electrification Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100036 China; 2.China Aerospace Academy of Electronic Technology Beijing Institute of Aerospace Micro Electro-Mechanical Technology, Beijing, 100094 China)

Abstract: With the increasing development of urban rail transit in China, it has gradually become the backbone of public rail transit. With the increasing degree of automation, autonomous driving of trains is the future direction of rail transit. This paper briefly reviewed the development of full automatic rail transit and described the main requirements and difficulties of Automatic Train Operation. Besides, it proposed a technical solution for highly practical and reliable autonomous driving, based on the multi-mode redundancy technology in aerospace, and described the system architecture diagram of full automatic rail transit equipment, Finally, this model is analyzed to provide a favorable support for the construction of autonomous driving rail transit equipment technology system suitable for the development of urban rail transit. Under the background of energy conservation, environmental protection, safety and comfort, and excellent economic benefit, the automatic driving system of rail transit is gradually replacing the work of drivers and passengers, and this practical equipment system will play an important role in the future.

Key Words: Rail traffic; Autonomous driving; Equipment system; Multi-mode redundancy technology

軌道交通具有大运量、安全舒适、经济省地、速达准时、节能环保等技术经济优势,可有效缓解道路拥堵,正在成为公共交通的骨干力量。随着控制设备的自动化、智能化程度不断提高,轨道交通自动驾驶系统正在逐步替代司乘人员的工作。国际公共交通协会(UITP)将轨道交通运行的自动化水平GoA(Grades of Automation)划分为5级[1],如表 1所示。

其中,GoA4是完全无人监督的自动驾驶阶段,被称为UTO(Unattended Train Operation)模式,轨道交通自主驾驶系统可自行完成列车启动、停车、设备管理、突发情况应对等所有工作,无需任何人员参与其中。……

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