李益斌 陈健 徐传旺

摘 要：在地铁隧道监测项目中数据量繁多且抽象，因此建立相关的信息管理系统尤为必要。为此本文将先进的BIM技术与传统隧道监测理念相结合，自主开发了基于BIM和云平台的隧道动态监测信息系统，并进行工程应用。主要研究内容为：① 研究了隧道BIM参数化快速建模方法，采用Revit（三维参数化建筑设计工具）进行IFC标准的隧道族构件库的建立，使用Revit软件构建了隧道三维BIM模型。② 基于地铁隧道监测信息管理的实践需求，进行了系统功能设计及系统框架设计。③ 利用 Visual Studio 及 Unity 3D 平台，采用C#编程语言进行系统开发，实现监测信息的添加及修改、形变量的计算、基于模型的变形信息展示等功能。通过上述BIM模型表达、监测信息与BIM模型的关联，提高了监测信息的可视化程度，并且为提高分析结果的准确性提供技术支持，取得良好效果。说明本文系统的开发方法和程序是成功的，可以有效地提高隧道监测信息的管理水平。

关键词：建筑信息模型;信息化;隧道;参数化建模;变形监测

中图分类号：TU198    文献标识码：A   文章编号：1006-8023（2021）03-0131-06

Abstract：In the metro tunnel monitoring project， the data are numerous and abstract， so it is necessary to establish the relevant information management system. Therefore， this paper combines advanced BIM technology with traditional tunnel monitoring concept， independently develops a tunnel dynamic monitoring information system based on BIM and cloud platform， and carries out engineering application. The main research contents are as follows： （1） The rapid modeling method of tunnel BIM parameterization is studied. Revit （3D Parameterized Building Design Tool） is used to build the tunnel family component library of IFC standard， and Revit software is used to construct the tunnel 3D BIM model. （2） Based on the practical requirements of metro tunnel monitoring information management， the system function design and system framework design are carried out. （3） Using Visual Studio and Unity 3D platform， using C# programming language for system development， to achieve the monitoring information to add and modify， the calculation of shape variables， deformation information based on the model display and other functions. Through the association between the above BIM model expression and monitoring information and BIM model， the degree of visualization of monitoring information is improved， and technical support is provided for improving the accuracy of analysis results， which has achieved good results. It shows that the development method and program of this system are successful and can effectively improve the management level of tunnel monitoring information.

Keywords：Building information model; informatization; tunnel; parametric modeling; deformation monitoring

0 引言

地鐵隧道建成后，如何对其进行监测、维护成了城市发展的重中之重。隧道表面渗水，隧道壁形变、位移和开裂等，如未经及时处理，均会导致严重的坍塌事故，造成巨大的经济损失。因此，对地铁隧道，尤其是部分较为年久的隧道进行准确高效的监测维护工作极其重要[1]。

在隧道监测工作之后，需要将大量的数据进行统一管理，方便后续计算及分析的进行。……