王晨 李耀翔 王子纯 孟永斌

摘 要：為探究小兴安岭针阔混交天然次生林优势树种非结构性碳水化合物质量分数随树种、器官和间伐强度的变化特征，进而了解林带间伐后的非结构性碳水化合物（nonstructural carbohydrates，NSC）分配格局、生长状况、适应策略和恢复潜力，在小兴安岭针阔混交天然次生林6种间伐强度（0%，15%，20%，25%，30%，35%）的林带中，选取5个主要树种， 采集树木枝条、树干和树叶， 测定其可溶性糖类及淀粉质量分数， 分析其NSC各组分随树种、器官和间伐强度的变化特征。结果表明：不同树种之间可溶性糖、淀粉和总NSC质量分数均存在显著性差异。所有NSC组分在不同树种中变异均较高，云杉、色木槭、青楷槭 、红松NSC各组分的变异系数均大于30%， 最高达88%。不同器官间NSC质量分数差异显著，其中可溶性糖质量分数在树叶中最高， 树干中质量分数最低，淀粉和总NSC质量分数在树干中最高， 树枝中最低。NSC各组分在不同器官中变异较低，均低于35%。间伐强度对各NSC组分影响亦显著。所有NSC组分在不同间伐强度中变异均较高， 可溶性糖变动范围为67.07%～80.99%，淀粉为44.77%～53.55%，总NSC质量分数为35.14%～42.08%。变异来源分析显示，可溶性糖、淀粉和总NSC质量分数主要受器官影响， 树种、器官和其交互作用对NSC不同组分影响均达到极为显著水平（P<0.01），间伐强度对NSC不同组分影响均达到显著水平（P<0.05）。综上，树种、器官和间伐强度是影响小兴安岭针阔混交天然次生林树木NSC各组分质量分数的主要因素，其中器官是影响各NSC组分质量分数的主导因素。

关键词：小兴安岭;抚育间伐;天然次生林;非结构性碳水化合物;可溶性糖;淀粉

中图分类号： S753;S718.5   文献标识码：A  文章编号：1006-8023（2021）03-0036-08

Abstract：In order to explore the variation characteristics of the nonstructural carbohydrate concentration of dominant tree species in the coniferous and broadleaved natural secondary forest in the Xiaoxingan Mountains with tree species， organs and thinning intensity， and to understand the distribution pattern， growth status， adaptation strategies and recovery potential of the NSC after the forest belt thinning， the coniferous and broadleaved natural secondary forest in the mixed natural secondary forest with 6 kinds of thinning intensity （0%， 15%， 20%， 25%， 30%， 35%）， select 5 main tree species， collect tree branches， trunks and leaves， and determine their soluble sugar and starch concentration， analyze the variation characteristics of NSC components with tree species， organs and thinning intensity. The results showed that there were significant differences in the concentration of soluble sugar， starch and total NSC among different tree species. All NSC components have high variation in different tree species. The coefficients of variation of the NSC components of Picea asperata， Acermono， Acer tegmentosum and Pinus koraiensis were all greater than 30%， and the highest was 88%. There were significant differences in NSC concentration among different organs. Among them， the concentration of soluble sugar was the highest in the leaves and the lowest in the trunk. The concentration of starch and total NSC was the highest in the trunk and the lowest in the branches. The various components of NSC had low variation in different organs， all of which were less than 35%. The intensity of thinning also had a significant effect on each NSC component. All NSC components had high variation in different thinning intensities. The variation range of soluble sugar was 67.07%～80.99%， starch was 44.77%～53.55%， and the total NSC concentration was 35.14%～42.08%. The analysis of the source of variation showed that the concentration of soluble sugar， starch and total NSC were mainly affected by organs. The influence of tree species， organs and their interaction on different components of NSC had reached a very significant level （P<0.01）， and the intensity of thinning had an effect on different components of NSC which reached a significant level （P<0.05）. In summary， tree species， organs and thinning intensity were the main factors that affect the concentration of NSC components in the natural secondary forests of the coniferous and broadleaved mixed natural secondary forests in Xiaoxingan Mountains， and organs were the dominant factors affecting the concentration of each NSC component.

Keywords：Xiaoxingan Mountains; tending thinning; natural secondary forest; nonstructural carbohydrates; soluble sugar; starch

0 引言

森林光合作用和呼吸作用之间的平衡决定了森林的碳汇。光合产物在树木体内的运输和分配调控森林的生产力和碳汇功能。……