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超声耦合直流MIG焊叠加波形分析

2021-07-20陈琪昊孙亚龙王佳辉林三宝王加友

机械制造文摘·焊接分册 2021年3期

陈琪昊 孙亚龙 王佳辉 林三宝 王加友

摘要: 电弧超声复合焊接方法具有一定的应用优势,利用超声电源与焊接电源之间的电叠加可将超声引入焊接过程。文中利用电容和电阻串联将超声脉冲信号和直流MIG焊信号进行叠加,利用电路仿真软件对不同器件参数下的叠加波形进行仿真分析。结果表明,电阻和电容通过改变叠加波形的形状进而影响超声激励强度及焊接热输入,其中电阻变化仅影响超声激励强度,电容变化同时影响超声激励强度及焊接热输入。超声激励强度较强同时焊接热输入较小的叠加波形为最佳波形,文中提出了获得最佳叠加波形的条件。

关键词: 铝合金; MIG焊; 超声频脉冲; 叠加波形

中图分类号: TG 432

Analysis of superposition waveform for the ultrasonic coupled DC MIG welding

Chen Qihao1,2, Sun Yalong1, Wang Jiahui1, Lin Sanbao2, Wang Jiayou1

(1.Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China)

Abstract:  Arc ultrasonic composite welding method has certain application advantages. The ultrasonic energy could be introduced into the welding process by the coupling of ultrasonic power and welding power. In this paper, the ultrasonic pulse signal and DC MIG welding signal were coupled by the connection of capacitor and resistor in series, and the superposition waveform under different device parameters was imitated and analyzed by circuit simulation software. The results showed that the resistance and capacitance would affect the ultrasonic excitation intensity and welding heat input by changing the shape of the superposition waveform. The change of resistance would affect the ultrasonic excitation intensity, and the change of capacitance affected the ultrasonic excitation intensity and heat input simultaneously. The coupling waveform with higher ultrasonic excitation intensity and small welding heat input was the best superposition waveform. The conditions for obtaining the best superposition waveform were presented.

Key words:  aluminum alloy; MIG welding; ultrasonic frequency pulses; superposition waveforms

0 前言

焊接方法的發展解决了材料连接的诸多难题。然而,对于传统的电弧焊接方法而言,其在材料连接方面仍然存在一定的不足。铝合金是工业当中最广泛应用的一类有色金属结构材料,它具有密度小、强度高、导电导热性好、耐腐蚀、易加工等特点,在航天、航空、汽车、船舶及化工领域被广泛应用。在工业经济飞速发展的今天,对铝合金焊接结构的需求日益增加,对铝合金焊接质量的要求也更加苛刻。

熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG焊)以其低成本、高效率特色在铝合金焊接工艺中被广泛运用[1-3],然而,铝合金MIG焊存在焊缝晶粒粗大[4]、气孔率高[5]等问题,限制了铝合金焊接结构在苛刻服役环境中的应用。

研究表明在焊接时引入超声能量可以细化焊缝组织并且减少焊接缺陷[6-7]。……

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