魏巍

摘 要：由于稠油的粘度太大，增加了开采的难度和成本。研发了一种注空气催化氧化的方式，该方式能够降低稠油的粘度，增加稠油的开采效率，还能够降低稠油开采的成本。文章对稠油注空气催化氧化进行研究。在催化氧化过程中需要有催化剂，然后催化剂的性能直接决定着稠油注空气催化氧化的效果，于是文章首先对催化机理进行分析，通过加入催化剂之后，稠油中的分子会发生变化，最终会实现降低粘度的效果。正因为催化剂在稠油注空气催化氧化中的作用十分重要，于是文章对5种不同类型的催化剂进行分析，然后分析不同反应条件对催化剂催化氧化效果的影响。实验结果表明，选择催化剂环烷酸铜更有利于催化氧化的进行，然后最适合的反应时间为3d、反应温度为100℃、催化剂质量分数为0.2%，在此条件下，稠油注空气催化氧化的效果最佳。

关键词：稠油;注空气;催化氧化;催化剂

中图分类号：TE624.9+5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-5922（2021）04-0052-04

Abstract：Because the viscosity of heavy oil is too large， it increases the difficulty and cost of mining. Therefore， an air injection catalytic oxidation method was developed， which can reduce the viscosity of heavy oil， increase the efficiency of heavy oil production， and reduce the cost of heavy oil production. So the paper studies the catalytic oxidation of heavy oil by air injection. In the catalytic oxidation process， a catalyst is needed， and then the performance of the catalyst directly determines the effect of the air injection catalytic oxidation of heavy oil， so the paper first analyzes the catalytic mechanism， and after adding the catalyst， the molecules in heavy oil will change， which will eventually reduce the viscosity. Because the catalyst plays an important role in the catalytic oxidation of heavy oil by air injection， the paper analyzes five different types of catalysts， and then analyzes the effect of different reaction conditions on the catalytic oxidation of the catalyst. The experimental results show that the choice of catalyst copper naphthenate is more conducive to the progress of catalytic oxidation， and then the most suitable reaction time is 3 days， the reaction temperature is 100℃， and the catalyst mass fraction is 0.2%， and under these conditions， the catalytic oxidation effect of heavy oil by air injection is the best.

Key words：heavy oil; air injection; catalytic oxidation; catalyst

隨着我国对石油的需求量不断增多，大部分轻质油已经被开采，为了能够获得更多的石油，于是对稠油进行开采，虽然稠油的开采难度和成本比较大，但是随着我国在这方面技术的不断提高，已经具备稠油资源的开采，而且稠油在我国的分布比较广泛，油量较为丰富，所以在今后的开采中将主要以稠油开采为主[1-2]。之前的稠油采集的技术可以分为两种，分别为稠油热采技术和稠油冷采技术，但是这些采集方式的效率比较慢，而且还会消耗大量资金[3]。……