胡青云 黄应敏 胡超强 邵源鹏 郝志峰

摘 要：新型硅胶材料具有优异的绝缘性和机电热性能，在电缆附件中使用广泛。电缆附件在长期的运行过程中，硅胶具有电树老化性能，从而影响到硅胶材料在电缆附件中的可靠性。所以文章为了提高硅胶的应用效果，通过实验研究的方式对其热老化特性和可靠性进行研究。研究结果表明，当温度不断增加时，硅胶的电树起始电压随之发生明显的降低趋势，并且硅胶的电树形貌也逐渐向丛状电树进行转变，从而使得电缆附件所使用的硅胶具有滞长性，增加了电缆附件运行过程中潜在风险，继而降低了硅胶在电缆附件中应用的可靠性，使得电缆附件更容易出现故障。对硅胶的热老化特性和可靠性进行深入了解，有助于降低电缆附件的故障发生频率。

关键词：硅胶;电缆附件;热老化特性;可靠性

中图分类号：TQ424 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-5922（2021）04-0033-04

Abstract：The new silicone material has excellent insulation and electro-thermal properties， and is widely used in cable accessories. In the long-term operation of cable accessories， silica gel has electrical tree aging properties， which affects the reliability of silica gel materials in cable accessories. Therefore， in order to improve the application effect of silica gel， its thermal aging characteristics and reliability are studied through experimental research. The research results show that when the temperature continues to increase， the initial voltage of the electrical tree of the silica gel will decrease significantly， and the electrical tree morphology of the silica gel will gradually change to a cluster of electrical trees， so that the silica gel used in the cable accessory has hysteresis， which increases the potential risks during the operation of the cable accessory， and then reduces the reliability of the application of silicone in the cable accessory， making the cable accessory more prone to failure. An in-depth understanding of the thermal aging characteristics and reliability of silicone will help reduce the frequency of failures of cable accessories.

Key words：silicone; cable accessories; thermal aging characteristics; reliability

隨着我国电力电缆的大力发展，电缆附件作为电缆传输线路的重要组成部分，在长期的运行过程中，容易发生各种故障问题[1]。主要原因在于其中使用硅胶绝缘材料在长期的使用过程中，不可避免的会受到热的影响而出现老化，即硅胶具有一定的热老化特性，于是就会影响到硅胶在电缆附件中应用的可靠性[2-3]。所以文章对硅胶热老化特性及其可靠性进行分析，有利于揭示电缆附件的失效机理，提高电缆附件中硅胶材料的应用效果，降低电缆附件发生故障的概率。……