利妥昔单抗治疗造血干细胞移植术后早期并发自身免疫性溶血性贫血1例并文献复习
2021-07-07祝宁宁胡慧瑾赵越超叶宝东
祝宁宁 胡慧瑾 赵越超 叶宝东
[摘要] 自身免疫性溶血性贫血(Autoimmune hemolytic anemia,AIHA)是异基因造血干细胞移植术(Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,allo-HSCT)后一种少见但严重的并发症。移植后早期出现AIHA的机制目前尚未阐明,治疗手段有限,往往预后不佳。本文收集并分析了我院收治的1例原发病为骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndrome,MDS)行allo-HSCT后发生AIHA的临床特点、诊治方法、治疗选择和转归,并结合文献分析总结其临床特征,以期了解allo-HSCT后 AIHA的发病机制及防治。
[关键词] 异基因造血干细胞移植;贫血;溶血性;自身免疫性;利妥昔单抗
[中图分类号] R556.6 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-9701(2021)11-0142-05
Rituximab in the treatment of early complicated autoimmune hemolytic anemia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report and literature review
ZHU Ningning1, 2 HU Huijin2 ZHAO Yuechao2 YE Baodong1, 2
1.The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; 2. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
[Abstract] Autoimmune hemolytic anemia(AIHA) is a rare but serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT). The mechanism of early occurrence of AIHA after transplantation has not yet been elucidated, treatment options are limited, and the prognosis is often poor. This article collects and analyzes the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment methods, treatment options, and outcomes of AIHA after allo-HSCT in a case of primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who were admitted to our hospital. Combined with literature analysis, this article also analyzes and summarizes its clinical characteristics, in order to understand the pathogenesis and prevention of AIHA after allo-HSCT.
[Key words] Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Anemia; Hemolysis; Autoimmunity; Rituximab
骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndrome,MDS)是一组起源于造血干细胞的异质性髓系克隆性疾病,其特点是髓系细胞发育异常,表现为无效造血、难治性血细胞减少,高风险向急性髓系白血病转化。异基因造血干细胞移植(allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,allo-HSCT)是治疗MDS的有效手段,亦是目前惟一可能治愈该疾病的方法[1]。allo-HSCT后早期并发自身免疫性溶血性贫血(Autoimmune hemolytic anemia,AIHA)是一种罕见而严重的并发症,并且常对糖皮质激素治疗不敏感,反应率低,死亡率高。本研究报道浙江中医药大学附属第一医院血液科收治的1例原发病为骨髓增生异常综合征,单倍体造血干细胞移植术后早期并发AIHA的临床表现、辅助检查及治疗原则等进行讨论以提高临床医生对本病的认识。
1临床资料
患者,男,56岁,2019年1月27日因“反复发热伴咳嗽咳痰10天”就诊于当地医院,查白细胞1.9×109/L,中性粒细胞0.45×109/L,血红蛋白54 g/L,血小板92×109/L,骨髓常规见原始细胞比例增高占10.5%,骨髓活检见骨髓增生活跃伴巨核細胞形态异常,白细胞免疫分型原始区域可见异常细胞群体,占有核细胞的4%,确诊骨髓增生异常综合征(EB-2)。……
