曹紫嫣 陈仁波 李佳佳 盖国忠

摘要 桂枝汤被称为群方之主，为历代先贤所称颂，然亦有人认为此说法有夸大之嫌疑。故本文通过对桂枝汤制方原理的探讨，即中医治病之本在于阴阳，桂枝组方切合阴阳之理，以协调阴阳为本，以调和营卫为用;通过对桂枝汤加减方在肝、肺、脾、心、肾五脏体系临床应用中的简要分析，以及桂枝汤及其加减方在现代医学中的应用范围与现代药理学的研究进展来说明桂枝汤不但具有夯实的理论基础，并且在中医学以及现代医学的临床实践中都具有强大的生命力，从而证明桂枝汤被誉为群方之祖并非过誉，而是实至名归。

关键词 桂枝汤;群方之祖;阴阳;营卫;五脏;制方原理;临床应用;药理学

Discussion on Guizhi Decoction as “ the Ancestor of Qunfang” from the Principle of Prescription and Clinical Application

CAO Ziyan，CHEN Renbo，LI Jiajia，GAI Guozhong

（Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine，China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences，Beijing 100700，China）

Abstract Guizhi Decoction is known as the leader of the group，praised by the ancient sages of all ages.However，some people think that this statement has the suspicion of exaggeration.Therefore，this paper discusses the principle of Guizhi Decoction，that is to say，the root of Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）treatment lies in Yin and Yang，Guizhi Decoction is suitable for the principle of Yin and Yang，based on the coordination of Yin and Yang，and for the purpose of regulating Ying Wei; through the brief analysis of the clinical application of Guizhi Decoction in the five viscera system of liver，lung，spleen，heart and kidney，as well as the application scope of Guizhi Decoction and its addition and subtraction in modern medicine，modern medicine The research progress of Neo Confucianism shows that Guizhi Decoction not only has a solid theoretical basis，but also has a strong vitality in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine，to prove that Guizhi Decoction is not only the ancestor of the group，but also is indeed worthy of the name.

Keywords Guizhi Decoction; The ancestor of Qunfang; Yin and Yang; Yingwei; Wuzang; Principle of prescription; Clinical application; Pharmacology

中圖分类号：R222.2;R222.3;R221文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.01.019

桂枝汤出自《伤寒论》第12条“太阳中风，阳浮而阴弱。阳浮者，热自发，阴弱者，汗自出。啬啬恶寒，淅淅恶风，翕翕发热，鼻鸣干呕者，桂枝汤主之”，为全书第一方，是仲景为太阳中风表虚证而设，仅由桂枝、芍药、生姜、甘草、大枣五味药物组成，药味简单易得，却被后世医家称为“群方之祖”，如此是否过誉？我们认为桂枝汤被称为群方之冠并非过誉，且非常恰当。我们将从以下几方面进行阐述。

1 制方之理本于阴阳

1.1 治病之本，本于阴阳 阴阳是中医学理论应用最重要、最基础的哲学概念，在构建中医学理论体系，形成中医学思维模式中发挥了巨大作用[1]。阴阳本属于中国古代哲学范畴，原就日光的向背而言，向者为阳，背者为阴。……