二氧化碳加氢一步法制低碳烯烃催化剂的研究
2021-06-29孟洋
孟洋



摘 要:二氧化碳排放量逐年递增,已经对环境造成严重影响。在石油化学工业中最重要的原料为低碳烯烃,为了使得该材料具有可持续发展,文章使用了二氧化碳加氢一步法制作低碳烯烃,这种方式不仅能够合理利用二氧化碳,降低二氧化碳对大气的影响,而且还能合成石油化学工业中重要的原料。对这种工艺进行研究时,需要有一种高活性的催化剂,从而增加二氧化碳的转化率和低碳烯烃的选择性。文章将Mg-ZSM-5作为载体,然后分析活性组分铁含量和助剂铜、钾、铈含量对催化剂活性的影响。研究结果表明,铁、铜、钾、铈的摩尔比为100∶20∶8∶8,铁的质量分数为15%时,催化剂的活性最强。
关键词:二氧化碳;低碳烯烃;催化剂
中图分类号:TQ426.94 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-5922(2021)05-0031-04
Study on Catalysts for One-step Production of Light Olefins by Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide
Meng Yang
(Qinghai Province Chemical Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xining 810000, China)
Abstract:Carbon dioxide emissions are increasing year by year, which has already caused serious impacts on the environment. The most important raw material in the petrochemical industry is low-carbon olefins. In order to make this material sustainable, the paper uses one-step hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to produce low-carbon olefins. This method can not only rationally use carbon dioxide, but also reduce the impact of carbon dioxide on the atmosphere, and it can also synthesize important raw materials in the petrochemical industry. When researching this process, a highly active catalyst is needed to increase the conversion rate of carbon dioxide and the selectivity of low-carbon olefins. The paper uses Mg-ZSM-5 as the carrier, and then analyzes the effect of the active component iron content and the additives copper, potassium, and cerium content on the catalyst activity. The research results show that when the molar ratio of iron, copper, potassium, and cerium is 100:20:8:8, and the mass fraction of iron is 15%, the catalyst has the strongest activity.
Key words:carbon dioxide; light olefin; catalyst
二氧化碳在大气中含量较大,而且还会引起环境问题,对其进行充分利用属于当前国内外比较关心的热点问题[1]。二氧化碳加氢一步法制备低碳烯烃催化剂属于二氧化碳的一种利用方式,文章将对其进行分析[2-3]。一步法就是通过使用一种复合催化剂能够使得两种反应一步完成,在制备低碳烯烃催化剂过程中,其中最重要的工艺在于选择高活性的催化剂[4]。通过高活性的催化剂能够提高二氧化碳的转化率。所以文章将主要通过实验分析铁、铜、钾、铈等元素含量对催化剂活性的影响,目的在于得出最佳配比的含量然后有利于提高催化剂活性。
1 实验过程
1.1 实验材料和仪器
实验材料:铁、铜、钾、铈、氢气、活性炭、分子筛、氮气、二氧化碳等。……
