[摘  要：词汇歧义和语义模糊是各种民族语言中非常常见的语言现象。由于二者都涉及语义的不确定性因而常常被混为一谈。本文从词汇学角度出發，运用义素分析的方法和语义场理论并结合实例，深入探讨词汇歧义与语义模糊的区别，并提出了三种操作性较强的区分方式。在中华文化外译的紧迫性日益凸显的今天，区分词汇歧义与语义模糊这两种语言现象有利于深化对语言现象本质的认识，提高语言运用和理解的准确性，对提高译本质量，对推动中华文化走出去有重要意义。

Abstract：Lexical ambiguity and semantic ambiguity are very common linguistic phenomena in various ethnic languages. The two linguistic phenomena are often confused because they involve semantic uncertainty. From the perspective of lexicology， this paper uses the method of sememe analysis and the theory of semantic field， and combines with examples to explore the differences between lexical ambiguity and semantic fuzziness， and puts forward three operational ways to distinguish them. Nowadays， the urgency of translating Chinese culture into foreign languages is becoming more and more prominent. Distinguishing between lexical ambiguity and semantic ambiguity is conducive to deepening the understanding of the essence of language phenomenon， improving the accuracy of language use and understanding， improving the quality of translation and promoting the development of Chinese culture.

关键词：词汇歧义;语义模糊;区别;检验方法

Key word：lexical ambiguity;Semantic fuzziness;difference;Test methods]

歧义从本质上来说是一种难以避免的语言现象，广泛地存在于各种自然语言中。赵元任是汉语歧义研究的先行者，其代表作《汉语的歧义问题》可被视为该领域研究的滥觞。经过半个多世纪以来的发展对歧义的成因基本确定为：语音因素、词汇因素、语法因素。由词汇因素造成的歧义称为词汇歧义，一词多义是其主要成因。

模糊语言学肇始于模糊理论。我国关于语言模糊性的讨论始于石安石于1988年发表的《模糊语义及其模糊度》，随后国内很多学者在模糊语义、模糊修辞和语用模糊等方面作了深入研究，为模糊语言学在我国的发展做出了贡献。其中语言学家对语义模糊从各个不同的角度进行了分类，本文专谈语义模糊中所指对象不确定与词汇歧义的区别。

由于种种相似性词汇歧义与语义模糊常常被混为一谈，因而也不乏从各个角度论述二者异同的著作，包括语义学、符号学、认知语言学等。……