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UV-3D打印材料研究进展

2021-06-20袁昊蒋小珊林达理程光耀刘云轩王泰

绿色包装 2021年2期

袁昊 蒋小珊 林达理 程光耀 刘云轩 王泰

摘要:UV-3D打印作为增材技术新的发展方向,具有设计自由,节约材料以及快速成型等优点,被广泛研究。本文通过分析立体光刻技术(SLA),数字光处理技术(DLP)和UV直写技术等,并研究了UV技术在3D打印领域的应用与发展。然后分析UV-3D打印常用的一些材料,包括環氧树脂和丙烯酸树脂以及其发展现状。最后通过介绍UV技术在3D打印的应用现状提出发展对策。

关键词:3D打印;UV固化;光聚合材料

中图分类号:TB34 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1400 (2021) 02-0033-05

Research Progress of UV-3D Printing Materials

YUAN Hao1,2,3, JIANG Xiao-shan1, 2, 3, LIN Dar-li4, CHENG Guang-guang1, 2, 3, LIU Yun-xuan1, 2, 3, WANG Tai1, 2, 3

(1. Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing 102600, China; 2. Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Printing Equipment, Beijing 102600, China; 3. Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing Advanced Engineering Research Center of Printing Equipment, Beijing 102600, China; 4. Zhangzhou Institute of Science and Engineering, Zhangzhou 363000, China)

Abstract: As a new development direction of additive technology, UV3D printing is widely studied due to its advantages such as free design, material saving and rapid prototyping. This paper analyzes stereo lithography technology (SLA), digital optical processing technology (DLP), and UV direct writing technology, and studies the application and development of UV technology in the field of 3D printing. Then some common materials of UV3D printing including epoxy resin and acrylic resin and their development status are analyzed. Finally, by introducing the application status of UV technology in 3D printing, the development countermeasures are proposed.

Keywords: 3D printing; UV curing; photo polymeric material

基金项目:北京印刷学院博士启动基金(27170018003/002);基于3D打印后处理的曲面喷墨打印方法研究(KM20170015002)

引言

3D打印作为一种增材制造技术,采用电脑构建数字模型,通过一层一层的构建物料来制造复杂的结构或实体[1]。这项技术由Charles Hull于1986年在一种称为立体平版印刷术(SLA)的过程中开发出来,随后又出现了诸如熔融沉积(FDM),电子束自由成形制造(EBF),选择性激光烧结(SLS)等后续发展[2]。3D制造系统具有[3],复杂几何制造,制造材料的节省,设计的灵活性和私人定制性等优点。目前广泛应用于3D打印的材料包括金属材料、聚合物材料、陶瓷和混凝土材料等[4]:乳酸(PLA)和丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)是用于复合材料3D打印的主要聚合物;纳米金属、合金通常用于航空航天领域;陶瓷主要用于3D打印脚手架;混凝土是用于建筑增材制造的主要材料。

3D打印能够制造从微观到宏观的各种尺寸的零件,采用的打印方式的精度决定了印刷零件的精度,微尺度3D打印在分辨率、表面光洁度和层结合等方面仍有问题需要解决,还需要烧结等后处理技术[5]。……

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