黄国伟 刘毅 樊孝萍 陈慧玲 马林江 张新叶

摘 要： 以江汉平原4个杨树主栽品种为试验材料，分别进行插干和带兜造林，比较两种造林方式生长和根系发育差异。结果发现：两种造林方式，生长差异显著，插干造林具有明显的生长优势。进一步对两种造林方式根系发育进行比较发现，前期根系发育差异不大，随着时间增长，插干造林的生根数量、根重、生根区间长度等特征都显著大于带兜造林。正是由于插干造林根系发达，分布均匀，吸收根和运输支撑根合理配置，更利于水分、养分的吸收运输，且不易倒伏，最终相比带兜造林表现出显著的生长优势。

关键词： 杨树;造林方式;生长;根系

中图分类号：S722.3;S792.11   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1004-3020（2021）02-0001-05

Comparison of Populus simonii Growth and Root Development Between Cuttage Forestation and Afforestation with Roots

Huang Guowei（1，2） Liu Yi（3） Fan Xiaoping（4） Chen Huiling（1，2） Ma Linjiang（1，2） Zhang Xinye（1，2）

（1.Hubei Academy of Forestry Wuhan 430075;

2.Hubei Fast-growing and High-yield Forest Engimeering Technology Research Center Wuhan 430075;

3.Hubei Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve Enshi 445000;

4 Shishou Research Institute of Poplar for Hubei Academy of Forestry Jingzhou 434400）

Abstract： In order to provide technical support for the efficient afforestation of Populus simonii，four main Populus simonii varieties in Jianghan Plain were used as experimental materials to compare the differences of growth and root development between two afforestation methods.The results showed that difference of growth was significant between two afforestation methods，and cuttage forestation had obvious growth advantage.Further comparing the root development of the two afforestation methods，it was found that there was little difference in early root development.As time went on，the rooting number，root weight and length of rooting interval of the cuttage forestation were significantly higher than the afforestation with root.The cuttage forestation had the well-developed root system，uniform distribution，absorption root and transport support root reasonable allocation，it was more conducive to moisture and nutrient absorption，and not easy to lodging，and finally，the cuttage forestation showed significant growth advantages to the afforestation with root.

Key words： Populus simonii;afforestation methods;growth;root system

杨树Populus simonii作为中国重要的速生用材树种，每年都有的大量的新造林，研究表明造林方式不同会影响杨树的成活率和生长速度[1-4]。江汉平原土壤肥沃，水热条件好，作为杨树适生区，造林面积大，林业产业发达，经过多年技术总结，逐步形成了完整的插干造林技术[5-8]。插干造林效率高，成本低，操作简单，深受广大林农喜爱[9-11]。有研究发现同样品种、同样规格的造林苗子，插干造林1 a生苗生长速度明显高于带蔸造林[12-14]，但插干造林生长优势形成的原因目前研究较少，而生长优势的形成往往与根系发育紧密相关[15-17]。因此，通过对比研究，比较插干造林和带兜造林生长差异，并分析两种造林方式根系发育的不同，探究插干造林与带兜造林生长差异形成的原因，从而更好的从技术上和理论上指导杨树造林，对促进江汉平原杨树产业更快更好发展意义重大。……