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复合喷射技术对汽油机性能的影响研究

2021-06-15吕飞跃贺子祺陈浩吴晨昊

河南科技 2021年5期

吕飞跃 贺子祺 陈浩 吴晨昊

摘 要:为了保证发动机在具有良好燃烧特性的同时,排放符合相应法规,可以采用复合喷射技术。本文将复合喷射模式分别与进气道喷射模式和缸内直喷模式进行比较,观察发动机的动力表现、废气排放表现和循环工作时的燃油经济性表现。结果显示,改变点火提前角时,复合喷射模式输出功率始终高于进气道喷射模式,碳氢化合物排放则更低;与缸内直喷模式相比,复合喷射模式工作时平均指示压力处于更高值,有良好的动力性能,同时燃料燃烧更加完全,具有更好的经济性。

关键词:复合喷射;分层混合气;燃烧特性;碳氢化合物排放

中图分类号:TK46文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-5168(2021)05-0060-03

Abstract: In order to ensure that the engine has good combustion characteristics at the same time, emissions meet the corresponding regulations, the composite injection technology can be used. In this paper, the combined injection mode was compared with the inlet injection mode and the in cylinder direct injection mode respectively to observe the engine power performance, exhaust emission performance and fuel economy performance during the cycle operation. The results show that when the ignition advance angle was changed, the output power of the composite injection mode was always higher than that of the inlet injection mode, and the HC emission was lower; compared with GDI mode, the IMEP of the composite injection mode was higher, which had good dynamic performance, and the fuel combustion was more complete, which had better economy.

Keywords : compound injection;stratified mixed gas;combustion characteristics;HC emissions

随着能源消耗的增长和环境污染对人们生活的影响,人们对汽车性能的关注也越来越集中在节能减排上。汽车燃料燃烧与理想状态之间的差距越大,废气排放量就越多。通过研究可知,大气超过60%的碳氢化合物(HC)排放由机动车产生[1]。因而,对发动机进行技术改进,提高燃料燃烧的高效性,并减少有害气体的产生,成为十分重要的任务。

众多汽车公司对发动机技术进行深入研究,发现缸内直喷技术使燃料在气缸中分层燃烧,从而使发动机的热效率大大提高[2]。三菱汽车在1996年研制了第一款运用缸内直喷(Gasoline Direct Injection,GDI)技术的汽油机[3]。图1是某款缸内直喷汽油机的结构图。尽管GDI技术在改善汽车动力和燃油经济性方面有显著优势,但汽车的排放性却不尽如人意。……

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