基于现金流的上市公司财务分析指标体系构建
2021-05-30程诗怡
程诗怡



【摘 要】传统的财务分析主要是以资产负债表和利润表为依据,现引入现金流作为分析的依据。现金流是指企业在一定会计期间按照收付实现制,通过一定的经济活动而产生的现金流入与现金流出。论文提出构建基于现金流的上市公司财务分析指标体系,可以在一定程度上减少盈余调整、报表粉饰等问题,为上市公司的风险管理、风险防范提供保障,进而为公司的未来发展、持续经营提供支持。
【Abstract】Traditional financial analysis is mainly based on the balance sheet and income statement, and cash flow is now introduced as the basis for the analysis. Cash flow refers to the cash inflow and cash outflow generated by an enterprise through certain economic activities in accordance with the cash system of accounting during a certain accounting period. This paper proposes that the construction of financial analysis index system of listed companies based on cash flow can reduce the problems of earnings adjustment and statement window-dressing to a certain extent, provide guarantee for risk management and risk prevention of listed companies, and then provide support for future development and sustainable operation of companies.
【关键词】现金流;收付实现制;风险管理;财务分析指标
【Keywords】cash flow; cash system of accounting; risk management; financial analysis index
【中图分类号】F275 【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1673-1069(2021)10-0088-03
1 引言
现金流是企业流通的血液,企业有足够的现金流流通才能产生足够的利益,促进企业发展,反之,企业就会面临生存危机。在国外,现金流量分析已经得到了广泛应用,投资者通过对现金流量的分析,可以知晓企业获取现金的能力,更加准确地评估企业价值,从而作出合理的决策。债权人可以明确得知企业偿还债务的能力,由于偿还债务和利息都需要现款支付,所以利用现金流分析比利用传统财务分析指标更加准确。国内对现金流的管理和应用未给予足够重视,企业账表利润充足,但是现金流动不畅,导致现金流断裂,企业无法偿还债务,最终导致企业破产。因此,企业应当做好风险控制,防止因现金流流通不畅导致现金流断裂,构建以现金流为基础的财务分析指标体系,使财务分析指标体系更加完整可靠,具体流程如图1所示。……
