董建光 戴登峰 李锋 薛建平 傅珠荣

摘要：采用水箱拉丝机进行较高速度拉拔模连续拉拔制备锌线材，发现拉拔产生的热量易使锌线材晶粒粗大，进而导致锌线材的脆性增大和抗拉强度降低，因此，拉拔模拉拔速度受到限制。辊模拉拔发热量小，变形量大，对拉拔油要求不高，适合替代拉拔模在较高速度下拉拔锌线材。现有辊模以单组逐道次拉拔为主，且体积较大不适合安装于水箱拉丝机内使用。通过简化辊模结构及孔形设计，以适合安装于水箱式拉丝机内替代拉拔模拉拔锌线材。试验表明，改进后的辊模组合，可替代拉拔模安装于水箱拉丝机拉拔锌线材，单组辊模变形量可达到拉拔模变形量的两倍，拉拔速度提高31%，能耗明显降低。采用低黏度油品替代拉拔乳化液，可减少污染物排放。

关键词：水箱拉丝机;连续拉拔;锌线材;拉拔模

中图分类号： TG 339     文献标志码： A

Design and Application of Roller Die for Drawing Zinc Wire by Water Tank Wire Drawing Machine

DONG Jianguang1， DAI Dengfeng1， LI Feng1，2， XUE Jianping1， FU Zhurong1

（1. Shaoxing Tianlong Tin Materials Co.， Ltd.， Shaoxing 312000， China;2. TonglingLonfeng

New Materials Co.， Ltd.， Tongling 244000， China）

Abstract： A water tank wire drawing machine was used to prepare zinc by continuous drawing with high speed drawing die. It is found that the heat generated by drawing is easy to coarsen the grain of zinc wire， resulting in the increase of brittleness and the decrease of tensile strength， so the drawing speed is limited. The drawing heat of roller die is small， the deformation is large， and the requirement for drawing oil is not high， which is suitable for drawing zinc wire at a higher speed instead of drawing die. The existing roller die is a mainly pass-by-pass single group drawing， and the volume is large， so it is not suitable to be installed in the water tank wire drawing machine. The roller die structure and hole- shape design were simplified for the suitable installation in the water tank wire drawing machine to replace the drawing die to draw zinc wires. The test shows that the improved roller die combination can replace the drawing die and be installed in the water tank wire drawing machine to draw zinc wire. The deformation  of a  single group  of roller dies  can reach twice that  of the  drawing  die， the  drawing efficiency  is  increased  by 31%，  and  the  energy  consumption  is  significantly  reduced. Using  low viscosity oil instead of drawing emulsion can reduce pollutant emission.

Keywords： water tank wire drawing machine ; continuous drawing; zinc wire ; drawing die

大量用于防腐喷涂领域和金属薄膜電容器端面喷金的锌线材，熔点低（450℃以下），采用拉拔模的拉拔速度不宜超过320 m/min，因为当拉拔速度超过此温度时，会使线材温度达到80℃以上，受低温环境快速冷却而导致晶粒粗大，进而发生脆化现象，至后续难以加工[1]。辊模拉拔[2-3]兼具轧制和拉拔的优点，拉拔力和发热量小，能耗低，因此，辊模拉拔技术应用日趋广泛[4-5]，特别是压椭与压圆之间形成的拉拔力成为反张力，有利于实现较大变形量。辊模对拉拔油无特殊要求，各种油品均适合。轧制是比较合适的加工方法，但一般因工效不适合小线径线材加工，同一台轧机不适合不同合金成分的线材加工。……