幼儿园主题墙环境创设及其教育功能的研究
2021-05-19邓春玲
邓春玲
摘 要:主题墙在幼儿园中不仅是一个装饰或宣传窗口,更是对幼儿施展教育的重要且有效阵地。主题墙创设得科学合理,可以对幼儿健康、语言、社会、科学、艺术这五大领域的健康有质发展起到积极且显性的教育作用。考虑到幼儿的心智特征、发展需求、习得规律等因素,如果教师要创设出真正具有教育功能的主题墙,应关注主题清晰、简明易懂、匹配年龄、动态调整、幼儿为主、鼓励特色、多元评价这几个策略的运用。
关键词:幼儿园;主题墙;创设;功能
【中图分类号】G617 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1005-8877(2021)35-0006-03
Research on the Creation of Kindergarten Theme Wall Environment and Its Educational Function
DENG Chunling (No.4 Kindergarten of Jiuquan City,Gansu Province,China)
【Abstract】The theme wall is not only a decoration or publicity window in the kindergarten,but also an important and effective position for children's education. The theme wall is created scientifically and reasonably,which can play a positive and obvious educational role in the healthy and qualitative development of the five fields of children's health,language,society,science,and art. Taking into consideration factors such as childrens mental characteristics,development needs,and acquisition laws,if teachers want to create a theme wall with real educational functions,they should pay attention to the application of several strategies such as clear themes,concise and easy to understand,matching age,dynamic adjustment,child-oriented,encouraging characteristics,and multiple evaluations.
【Keywords】Kindergarten;Theme wall;Creation;Function
主题墙是指教室中围绕某个特定主题(如爱国或团结等)或教育目标而进行了专门布设的墙面。一般以文字、绘画为主要方式,根据需要也陈列一些宜于悬挂或摆设的实物、手工作品等。幼儿园中,主题墙与中小学的在内容、形式、目的上是有一定区别的。通常来说,中小学主题墙虽然也强调其教育功能,但主要还是以装饰、营造氛围和宣传、公示为目的。但幼儿园中的主题墙,即便是装饰,也是以达到某种教育目标为核心出发点。也就是说,幼儿园的主题墙是作为一个教育功能性环境或工具来创设的,是幼儿园开展幼儿教育活动的重要组成部分和常规手段。因而,有人又称幼儿园主题墙为“不说话的老师”。
如果幼儿园及教师能够科学合理地创设和利用好主题墙,将对幼儿教育活动产生积极且相当显性的促进作用。当然,由于幼儿的心智水平低,主题墙要发挥作用有一定难度,教师必须抓住幼儿的心智特征、层次及认知规律等学情,才能达到预期的教育目标,否则主题墙很可能会成为一种给成人看的形象工程、样子工程。……
