董锐　李狄钦　罗元隆　刘国买

摘   要：为明确闽台两地基本风速的合理取值，以台北市某气象站1961-2015年的实测风速数据为研究对象，基于两岸现行建筑结构抗风标准，分别选用年最大风速法和台风风速法取样，采用极值I型分布模型，对不同气候模式下的基本风速进行了比较研究. 结果表明：对于相同的风速观测数据，根据台湾建筑抗风标准TB2015获得的极值风速略小于现行建筑抗风标准GB50009获得的极值风速（福建），而基本风速正好相反，但是两者之间的差别均很小;台风气候模式下的极值风速/基本风速预测值要大于混合气侯模式下的对应值，且与实测极值/基本风速最为接近，误差均小于0.5%;对于受台风影响严重的海峡两岸地区，建议采用以台风风速法取样的台风气候模式下的基本风速.

关键词：基本风速;极值风速;台风;季风;混合气候;台湾海峡;重现期

中图文分类号：TU312.1                           文献标志码：A

Comparative Study of Basic Wind Speeds under Different

Climatic Conditions at Both Sides of Taiwan Strait

DONG Rui1，2?，LI Diqin1，LUO Yuanlong2，LIU Guomai3

（1. College of Civil Engineering，Fuzhou University，Fuzhou，Fujian 350108，China;

2. Wind Engineering Research Center，Tamkang University，New Taipei，Taiwan 25137，China;

3. Fuzhou University of Technology，Fuzhou，Fujian 350118，China）

Abstract：In order to determine a reasonable value of basic wind speed  at both sides of Taiwan Strait，comparative study of extreme and basic wind speed under different climate conditions are carried out in this paper. The measured wind speed data are obtained from a meteorological station in Taipei from 1961 to 2015. The extreme and basic wind speed are estimated through Gumbel distribution adopted by building wind resistant design standards at both sides of the Taiwan Strait. The annual maximum wind speed sampling method and typhoon wind speed sampling method correspond to the mixed and typhoon climate conditions，respectively. The results show that，for the identical wind speed observation data，the extreme wind speed obtained by building wind resistant design standard in Taiwan TB2015 is slightly less than that obtained by current national building wind resistant design standard（GB50009） in Fujian，and the basic wind speed is just opposite，but the estimated wind speed difference between the two standards is very small. The extreme/basic wind speed under typhoon climate is larger than the corresponding value under mixed climate，and is closest to the measured extreme/basic wind speed within an error less than 0.5%. For both sides of the Taiwan Strait severely affected by typhoons，the estimated wind speed under typhoon climate condition is suggested to adopt as the basic wind speed.

Key words：basic wind speed;extreme wind speed;typhoon;monsoon;mixed climate;Taiwan Strait;return period

風速作为基本气象要素之一，在土木工程结构抗风设计中起着重要的基础性作用. 随着我国经济的快速发展，高层建筑、大跨屋盖和长跨桥梁等风敏感结构不断涌现，风荷载逐渐成为结构设计中的控制性荷载之一，而基本风速的取值决定着风荷载的大小，是结构抗风设计中至关重要的一环[1-2]. 我国地域辽阔，不同地区的气候特征差异明显. 内陆地区通常季风起主导作用，风速随季节的分布具有明显的规律;东南沿海地区很多情况下台风起主导作用，台……