解尧 薛慧英 金璐

【摘要】 目的：探討原发性失眠与人格特征、P物质（substance P，SP）及神经递质之间的关系。方法：选取2018年7月-2019年7月本院收治的50例原发性失眠患者作为观察组，另选取同期于本院体检的50例睡眠正常的健康人作为对照组。比较两组人格特征、气质类型及脑神经递质。分析观察组人格特征与脑神经递质的相关性。比较两组匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、状态-特质焦虑问卷（STAI）评分及血清SP水平。结果：观察组内外倾向量表（E）评分低于对照组，而情绪性量表（N）、心理变态量表（P）及效度量表（L）评分均高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组胆汁质比例高于对照组，而混合型比例低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组S1、S2、S4、S5、S7、S11实测功率均低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组S1、S4、S5相对功率低于对照组，而S2、S7、S11高于对照组（P<0.05）。N评分与S7相对功率呈正相关，而与S1相对功率呈负相关（r=0.439、-0.484，P<0.05）;P评分与S5相对功率呈正相关（r=0.463，P<0.05）;L评分与S1、S5相对功率均呈负相关（r=-0.407、-0.453，P<0.05）。观察组PSQI、焦虑量表（SAI）、特质焦虑量表（TAI）及Beck抑郁自评量表（Beck depression inventory，BDI）评分及血清SP水平均高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：原发性失眠患者的发病原因与患者的人格特征、神经递质、外周血SP水平有关，且人格特征可影响神经递质。

【关键词】 原发性失眠 人格特征 神经递质

The Relationship between Primary Insomnia and Personality， Substance P and Neurotransmitter/XIE Yao， XUE Huiying， JIN Lu. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（05）： -133

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the relationship between primary insomnia and personality， substance P （SP） and neurotransmitter. Method： A total of 50 patients with primary insomnia in our hospital from July 2018 to July 2019 were selected as the observation group， and 50 healthy people with normal sleep in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Personality characteristics， temperament types and brain neurotransmitters were compared between the two groups. The correlation between personality characteristics and brain neurotransmitters in the observation group was analyzed. Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI）， State Trait Anxiety Inventory （STAI） score and serum SP level were compared between the two groups. Result： The score of extraversion scale （E） in the observation group was lower than that in the control group， while the scores of neuroticism scale （N）， psychoticism scale （P） and lie scale （L） in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The proportion of bilious temperament in observation group was higher than that in control group， but the proportion of mixed type was lower than that in control group （P<0.05）. The measured power of S1， S2， S4， S5， S7 and S11 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The relative power of S1， S4 and S5 in the observation group were lower than those of the control group， while S2， S7 and S11 were higher than those of control group （P<0.05）. N score was positively correlated with relative power of S7， but negatively correlated with relative power of S1 （r=0.439， -0.484， P<0.05）. P score was positively correlated with relative power of S5 （r=0.463， P<0.05）. L score was negatively correlated with relative power of S1 and S5 （r=-0.407， -0.453， P<0.05）. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI）， state anxiety inventory （SAI）， trait anxiety inventory （TAI） and Beck depression inventory （BDI） scores and serum SP level in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The causes of primary insomnia are related to the patients personality characteristics， neurotransmitters， peripheral blood SP level， and personality characteristics can affect neurotransmitters.

[Key words] Primary insomnia Personality characteristics Neurotransmitter

First-authors address： The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College， Shenyang 110013， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.05.033

原發性失眠主要特征为很难入睡或无法保持一个睡眠状态，对人们的生理及精神均造成一定的影响，长期失眠很容易精神状态不佳、情绪不稳定等，如未及时给予治疗，会对全身系统造成影响，对患者的生活质量造成极大威胁[1-3]。相关研究指出人格特征、神经递质、血清P物质（substance P，SP）等因素可能为原发性失眠的原因[4-5]。为探究原发性失眠与以上几种因素之间的关联性，特选取2018年7月-2019年7月本院50例原发性失眠患者及50例睡眠正常者作为研究对象行对比分析，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取2018年7月-2019年7月本院收治的50例原发性失眠患者作为观察组，另选取同期于本院体检的50例睡眠正常的健康人作为对照组。患者纳入标准：符合原发性失眠临床诊断标准;匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）总分≥8分;文化程度在小学以上。排除标准：无躯体或脑器质性疾病;无其他精神类疾病;无焦虑性障碍、心境障碍所致的失眠者等。……